Chemistry-atomic structure and periodic table

• where are the protons located?

  Nucleas
• Where are the neutrons located?

  Nucleas
• Where are the electrons located?

  Outer shell
• What is the relative mass of the proton?

  1
• What is the relative mass of the neutron?

  1
• What is the relative formula mass of the electron?

  Very small
• What is the charge of the proton?

  +1
• What is the charge of the neutron?

  0
• What is the charge of the electron?

  -1
• What is the mass number?

  The number at the top of the atom that tell us us the total number of protons and neutrons
• What is the atomic mass?

  Number at the bottom of the atom that tells us ten total number of protons
• What is an element?

  Substances made up of atoms with the same atomic number
• What is an isotope?

  atoms that with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
• What is the relative atomic mass?

  Average mass number for an element
• What is the equation for relative atomic mass?

  Sum of (isotope abundanceXisotope mass number

  Total abundance of all isotopes
• What is a compound?

  Substance formed from two or more elements chemically bonded
• What is a molecule?

  Particle containing two or more non metal atoms bonded covalently
• What is a chemical formula?

  Shows the proportion of atoms of each element in a compound
• What is a chemical equation?

  Shows overall charge in a reaction
• What is a mixture?

  Substances made up of different elements or compounds that aren’t chemically bonded to each mixture
• Describe paper chromatography?

  Filter paper with a spot of a mixtures d pencil line

  paper is then removed when solvent is nearly at the top

  components separate as they move up the paper
• What are the three types of separation?

  Filtration

  evaporation

  crystallisation
• What is filtration?

  Separates insolvable solids from liquids and solutions

  can be used to seperate a solid product or purify a liquid
• What is evaporation?

  Separates soluable salts from solution
• What is crystallisation

  Separates solvable salts from solution
• What are the two types of distillation?

  simple

  fractional
• Describe simple distillation?

  The part with the lowest boiling point evaporates first

  vapourer is cooled and condenses
• Describe fractional distillation?

  Liquids reach the top of the column when the temperature at the top matches their boiling point

  fractionating column filled with glass rods

  fractions collected seperatly
• How many electrons are in the 1st shell?

  2
• How many electrons are in the 2nd shell?

  8
• How many electrons are in the 3rd shell?

  8
• How did Mendeleev structure the periodic table?

  Using properties
• How is the modern periodic table structured?

  Elements are ordered by increasing atomic number

  horizontal rows are called periods

  Elements with similar properties form vertical groups
• What does the group number tell us?

  Number of electrons in the outer shell
• What does the period number tell us?

  Number of shells with electrons in
• What is a metal?

  Element that can form positive ions when they react
• What is a non metal?

  Elements that don’t generally form positive ions
• How do metals get a full outer shell?

  By Losing electrons
• How do metals become more reactive?

  Lose electrons more easily
• where are metals more reactive?

  Bottom left of the periodic table