Science UPCAT

• Water is a good solvent due to its polarity and small molecular size
• Solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute, resulting in a solution
• A solution that cannot hold any more solute at room temperature would be a saturated solution
• Crystallization occurs when there are too many solutes in a solution
• Miscible liquids are liquids that can mix well with one another to form homogeneuos solution
• A supersaturated solution is a solution that contains more than the maximum amount of solute that is capable of being dissolved at a given temperature
• Physical change is a type of change in which the form of matter is altered but one subtance is not transformed into another. The size or shape of matte may be changed, but no chemical reactions occurs.
• The three types of physical changes are melting/freezing, boiling/condensing, evaporating/depositing.
• Freezing is the process by which a liquid turns into a solid
• Boiling is the process by which a liquid turns into gas
• Chemical changes are reactions that transform subtances into a new ones with different properties.
• Combustion is a rapid oxidation reaction between a fuel (such as wood) and oxygen to produce heat and light energy.
• Law of Definite Proportion states that a compound always contains the same consistuent elements in a fixed or definite proportion by mass.
• Melting


  A physical change where a solid changes to a liquid at a specific temperature, called the melting point.
• Dissolving


  A chemical change where a solid (or liquid) breaks down into smaller particles and mixes with another substance, like a solvent.