Arm actions

• 1 - Hauling


  Keeping the arms at waist level (or slightly below), extend them diagonally forward on the same side as the working foot, with the fingers open. Then, with a pulling action, take the arms inwards and across the body at waist level whilst closing the fingers
• 2 - Pulling ropes (downward)


  Stretch one arm vertically upward with the fingers open. Then, closing the fingers, pull that arm straight down to waist level

  The downward pull takes place on the odd counts (1, 3, 5, 7)
• 2 - Pulling ropes (inward)


  Similar to downward pull, but arms are kept horizontal so that the pull is inward from the front or diagonal, to the diaphragm as specified in the step

  The inward pull takes place on the odd counts (1, 3, 5, 7)
• 3 - Gathering in


  A series of pulling actions with alternate arms, as if gathering in ropes, opening and closing fingers. The arms are inclined downwards with the hands at waist level
• 4 - Pumping 


  Stretch the arms downward below waist level, while executing the full knee bend. Then, on recovery to the upright position, bring them upward to chest level with the elbows pointing directly to the side with the shoulders pushed back. Keep the fists clenched throughout and the hands level
• 5 - Casting


  Stretch the arms diagonally toward the working foot while it is being extended. Then, whilst the working foot is being carried inwards, bring the arms upwards across the body to give the impression of throwing the kit bag onto the opposite shoulder
• 6 - Farewell


  When travelling to the left, on the first count of the bar, the left arm is in 1st position. The right arm is extended to the side, as if holding a flag. During the remainder of the bar, the arm is circled horizontally to almost touch the forehead
• 7 - Lookout


  The arm on the side to which the dancer travels is extended, then working from the elbow joint only, take the hand horizontally, lightly touching the forehead, with the palm facing downwards. The fingers are straight and the thumb is in contact with the index finger. Counting of each movement according to step
• 8 - Hitching


  Extend both arms to the side at waist level, with the fingers straight. Then, with one hand to the front in contact with the centre of the body, the palm facing downwards and the thumb tucked underneath, the back of the other hand is placed against the center of the body at the rear. The trousers are given an upward hitch, the arm which is in front being on the same side as the front foot