JRIZAL

• Jose Protacio Mercado Rizal y Alonso Realonda


  Filipino nationalist, novelist, poet, ophthalmologist, journalist, and a revolutionary
• Jose Rizal was born


  June 19, 1861
• Jose Rizal was executed

  December 30, 1896
• Jose Rizal


  • Considered the greatest national hero of the Philippines
  • Author of Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo, and a number of poems and essays
• Jose Rizal's life

  1. Studied medicine in Manila in 1882

  2. Travelled to Spain to complete his medical degree

  3. Became part of the Propaganda Movement in Europe

  4. Wrote Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo

  5. Published articles in La Solidaridad

  6. Returned to the Philippines in 1892 but was exiled to Dapitan

  7. Arrested and convicted of sedition, executed by firing squad
• Noli Me Tangere


  Rizal's first novel that detailed the dark aspects of Spain's colonial rule in the Philippines
• El Filibusterismo


  Rizal's follow up novel
• Liga Filipina


  Reform society founded by Rizal that supported non-violent action
• Katipunan


  Nationalist Filipino society founded by Andres Bonifacio that revolted
• Rizal had no ties to the Katipunan and disapproved of its violent methods
• Rizal's execution created more opposition to Spanish rule
• Rizal's contributions

  • Wrote the novels Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo that awakened Filipinos to Spanish slavery
  • Organized the first cooperative in the Philippines while in exile in Dapitan
  • Used art as a medium to effect social change
  • Made anthropological, physiological, and horticultural researches
• Rizal advocated a peaceful and diplomatic way to speak out against Spanish indifferences, unlike Andres Bonifacio who advocated a bloody revolution
• Rizal is considered the greatest Filipino hero for his dedication to public service, conviction, and great love for the Filipino people and country
• Women in Rizal's life

  • Doña Teodora (his mother)
  • Leonor Rivera
  • O-Sei-San
  • Gertrude Beckett
  • Nelly Boustead
• Rizal had relationships with a number of women, though most were short-lived, as he had one great love, Leonor Rivera
• Rizal's travels included the Philippines, Spain, France, and Germany
• Rizal's educational background included early education in Calamba and Biñan, then studies in Manila, Spain, France, and Germany
• Rizal's parents

  Employed private tutors to give him lessons at home
• Maestro Celestino


  First private tutor
• Maestro Lucas Padua


  Second private tutor
• Leon Monroy


  • Former classmate of Rizal's father
  • Lived at the Rizal home
  • Instructed Rizal in Spanish and Latin
• Rizal's early education

  1. Had private tutors hired by his parents

  2. Maestro Celestino and Maestro Lucas also hired Leon Monroy

  3. When Leon Monroy died, they transferred Jose Rizal to Biñan accompanied by his brother Paciano

  4. Brought to the school of Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz

  5. Bullied by the son of the teacher named Pedro

  6. Jose challenged Pedro to a fight, he defeated Pedro with wrestling and became famous

  7. Old Juancho gave him free lessons in painting and drawing
• The Moth and the Flame


  A story told by Doña Teodora to her son, Jose Rizal
• All Filipino homes at that time always had a light left burning the entire night
• Doña Teodora was losing her patience upon hearing the boy poorly read, so she decided to tell the boy a story instead
• Jose Rizal was envious to the fortune of the moths which joyously frolicked around the light, and the flame seemed more beautiful and attractive to him
• Jose Rizal watched the expired moth, and considered it a martyr to its illusions
• Doña Teodora warned Jose Rizal not to be disobedient, or he may get burnt like the moth
• The story of the moth

  It is about dying a noble death- to be a martyr -Rizal justified such noble death asserting that "to sacrifice one's life for it, is worthwhile
• Rizal compared himself to the young moth in the story, and like the moth, he died a martyr death in search for education, reforms for his people/country
• Rizal's influences while growing up

  • Hereditary influence
  • Environmental influence
  • Divine Providence
• Hereditary influence


  He inherited his sense of self-respect and the love of work from his mother. He inherited his enthusiasm for literature and arts, and self-sacrifice from his mother
• Environmental influence

  He learned the courtesy and kindness to women from his sisters. He learned the love for freedom and justice from his only brother, Paciano. The brothers of his mother developed his artistic ability, his interest in physical exercise and his love for reading books. His character was fortified by the abuses of the Spaniards. His spirit of nationalism, and his willingness to sacrifice for the redemption of his oppressed countrymen were awakened through the execution of the three martyr priests: Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora
• Divine Providence


  Jose Rizal's greatest influence was Divine Providence or God's intervention throughout his life
• Rizal's early education

  1. June, 1869 - Rizal left for Binan

  2. Accompanied by Paciano, his older brother

  3. Taught by Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz

  4. In academic studies, Rizal beat all Binan boys

  5. He surpassed them all in Spanish, Latin, and other subjects
• Ateneo De Municipal


  He belonged to the class composed of Spaniards, mestizos and Filipinos<|>His teacher was Fr. Jose Bech<|>To improve his Spanish Rizal took private lessons in Santa Isabel College
• During his 4th year in Ateneo he received 5 medals and graduated as sobresaliente
• • He graduated on March 23, 1877(16 years old)
  • Received the degree of Bachiller en Artes, with highest honors
• Rizal wrote his first poem "Mi Primera Inspiracion" (My First Inspiration) which was dedicated to his mother on her birthday