Factors and Multiples

• Factors are the numbers we multiply to obtain another number (or the product). 
• A factor of a number can divide the number without a remainder.
• Negative numbers are also factors.
• Whole numbers can either be prime numbers or composite numbers.
• A prime number is a whole number greater than one with only two factors: 1 and itself. 
• A composite number is a whole number that has more than two factors.
• 1 is neither a prime number nor a composite number.
• Prime factorization is the process of expressing a composite number as a product of its prime factors.
• Prime Factorization Using the Factor Tree
• The Greatest Common Factor (GCF) is the largest common factor of given numbers.
• GCF is an essential tool in arithmetic because we use it to simplify fractions to their lowest terms.
• A multiple is a result when we multiply a number by an integer.