Cognitive Approach

Cards (3)

  • Assumption: Behaviour can be directed by internal mental processes.
  • Internal mental processes such as attention, memory and decision making are mental operations that cognitive psychologists study scientifically through lab experiments. These processes can be influenced by schemas. These are clusters of information that help us process the external world efficiently. They develop through experience. Computer models compare the mind to a machine that has inputs, processes and outputs and theoretical models are theories designed to explain behaviour. This approach was later merged with the biological approach to develop cognitive neuroscience.
  • Evaluation
    The approach has scientific support -- Baddeley's study of dual task performance -- highly controlled and replicable so very reliable.
    RWA -- models like the WMM can help treat patients.
    Lacks ecological validity -- artificial environment for research -- lacks mundane realism.
    Approach suffers from machine reductionism -- reducing complex behaviour by comparing it to a machine is probably not a full account of human behaviour.