Module 2

• Cabeza de barangay


  Head and leader of a group of settlers in the pre-Spanish era
• Policing in the pre-Spanish era

  1. Cabeza de barangay appointed trustworthy people to protect villages

  2. These appointed people were the eyes and ears of the Barangay Head
• Carabineros de Seguridad Publica


  First organized police force (1712), mounted police to carry out regulations of Spanish government
• Guardrilleros


  Rural police organization created in each town to maintain public security and order, patrol unsafe places, guard tribunal and prison
• Guardia Civil


  Police force created to relieve Spanish militia of policing functions, composed of Filipinos under Alcalde (Governor)
• Insular Constabulary


  Police force organized by Philippine Commission in 1901 to preserve peace, keep order and enforce laws
• Manila Police Department


  Organized in 1901 under Capt. George Curry as first Chief of Police
• Philippine Constabulary (PC)


  National police institution organized in 1901 to preserve peace, keep order and enforce law, majority Filipino personnel under American officers
• Bureau of Investigation


  Created in 1938, modified from Division of Investigation under Department of Justice, became National Bureau of Investigation in 1947
• Kempeitai

  Japanese military police responsible for maintaining peace and order in Manila until Gen. Douglas MacArthur's return in 1945
• Metropolitan Constabulary


  Renamed Manila Police Department during Japanese occupation, under supervision of Bureau of Constabulary
• Brig/Gen. Rafael Crame was the 1st Filipino Chief of Police of the PC
• Col. Antonio C. Torres was the 1st Filipino COP when the MPD became an all Filipino Police Organization
• RA 2678


  Enacted to expand and reorganize the NBI as an investigative and research service agency
• RA 4864 "Police Act of 1966"


  Created the POLICE COMMISSION (later NAPOLCOM) to oversee training and professionalization of local police forces
• PD 765


  Established and constituted the Integrated National Police (INP), placed NAPOLCOM under Ministry of National Defense, defined relationship between INP and PC
• RA 6975 "DILG Act of 1990"


  Created the PNP as the only police force in the country that is national in scope and civilian in character
• RA 8551 "PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998"


  Amended RA 6975 to reorganize and reform the PNP for professionalization