USES OF NOUNS

• Nominative Case - it functions as the subject or subjective complement in a sentence.

  • Subject - the noun is performing the action of the verb. (GREG announced his resignation as CEO)
  • Subjective Complement - the noun renames the subject or tells what it is. The linking verbs is, are, was, were, has/have been, or will be are most commonly used in sentences to precede the subjective complement. (Patience IS as virtue)
• Objective Case - used as a direct/indirect object, object of a preposition, or objective complement in a sentence.

  • Direct Object - the noun receives the action from the verb. It answers the question who and what. (Robert bought some CHOCOLATES)
  • Indirect Object - the noun is a person or thing to or for whom the action is formed. (The philanthropy gave DONATIONS to the victims of Taal eruption)
• Objective Case - used as a direct/indirect object, object of a preposition, or objective complement in a sentence.

  • Object of the Preposition - The noun is joined to a preposition to form a phrase whose function is to express the relationship of various sorts between two words. (The guy in the WORKSTATION is my cousin)
  • Objective Complement - the noun completes the meaning of the direct object or tells what the direct object is. (The class nominated Serina as their LEADER)
• Appositive - a noun used to explain or identify another noun. (Pipoy, my BEST FRIEND, now supervises the entire team)
• Possessive Case - used to show ownership or possession. (coach's/coaches' planner)
• Determiner/Determinative - a word, phrase, or affix that occurs together with a noun or noun phrase and serves to express the reference of that noun or noun phrase in the context.
• Articles - are words that define noun as specific or unspecific. (a, an, and the)
• Definite Article - is the word the. It limits the meaning of the noun to one particular thing. It can also be used with singular, plural, or uncountable nouns.

  • Please give me THE bow.
  • Please give me THE red bow; the blue one is too small.
  • Please give me THE arrow.
• Indefinite Article - a noun that refers to a general idea rather than particular thing. it takes two forms, which are:

  • It is the word A when it precedes a word that begins with a CONSONANT. (Please hand me A knife; any knife will do)
  • It is the word AN when it precedes a word that begins with a VOWEL. (Please show me AN art; any art will do)
• We can use the indefinite article 'an', when the first letter of the word is consonant but pronounced as a vowel sound. (an hour)
• We can use the indefinite article 'a', when the first letter of the word is vowel but pronounced as a consonant sound. (a URL)
• Zero Article - refers to an occasion in speech or writing where a noun or noun phrase is not preceded by an article. To boot, no article is used when implying abstract ideas, languages or nationalities, sports, academic subjects, means of transportation, or common expressions of time and place (at midnight, at jail).

  A) sport

  B) academic subject

  C) abstract idea

  
• Articles should not also be used with pronouns. (My sister is reading the [my] book)
• No article is used with proper nouns, uncountable nouns, such as the ffg;

  A) uncountable nouns

  B) liquid

  C) star