chem g10

Subdecks (1)

Cards (19)

  • Biomolecules
    Also known as macromolecules. The large molecules needed for life.
  • Classes of biomolecules
    • Carbohydrates
    • Lipids
    • Proteins
    • Nucleic Acids
  • Monomer
    A building block that makes up larger molecules
  • Carbohydrates
    Food sources high in carbohydrates include bread, pasta, fruit, and vegetables
  • Monosaccharide
    The monomer of carbohydrates, such as the sugar glucose
  • Disaccharide
    Two monosaccharides combined, such as the disaccharide maltose
  • Polysaccharide
    Many monosaccharides combined into a large carbohydrate, such as starch and cellulose
  • Carbohydrates
    • Provide a fast source of energy for cells
    • Make up cell walls in plants and fungi
  • Lipids
    Include fats and oils, such as butter and olive oil
  • Lipids
    • Generally hydrophobic or contain a significant hydrophobic component
    • Make up cell membrane structure
    • Provide long-term energy storage
    • Provide insulation, such as the myelin sheath and blubber
  • Proteins
    Food sources include beans, meat, nuts, and eggs
  • Amino acid
    The monomer of proteins
  • Proteins
    • Make up structures like muscle tissue, hair, and collagen
    • Found embedded in cell membranes as protein channels and receptors
    • Most enzymes are made of proteins
    • Antibodies and some hormones are proteins
    • Many genes code for proteins
  • Nucleic acids
    Include DNA and RNA
  • Nucleotide
    The monomer of nucleic acids
  • Nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are found in all living things, including the food we eat
  • Nucleic acids
    • Contain the genetic information needed to direct the activities of cells
  • The major elements in biomolecules can be remembered with the mnemonic CHO, CHO, CHON, CHONP (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus)