Readings in Philippine History and Society

• The Philippines was named by Ferdinand Magellan during his expedition to the Spice Islands (Indonesia) in 1521.
• The country's location at the crossroads between Asia and Oceania has influenced its history and culture.
• The Philippines is an archipelago consisting of 7641 islands
• among the 7641 islands, more or less 2000 is inhabited
• Theorizes that the Philippines was once of mainland Asia

  Land Bridge Theory
• Philippines came into existence after eruptions of volcanoes and this is proposed by Dr. Bailey Williams

  Volcanic Origin
• Both the Philippines and Indonesia were then a part of a Pacific Continentand was proposed by James Churchward

  Legend of MU or Lemuria
• In Bisaya folklore, the king who guided destinies was Manaul.

  Legend of Manaul
• The theory suggests that the Philippines was formed when the tectonic plates were broken apart.

  Continental Drift theory
• This theory is proposed by Alfred Wegener in 1912

  Continental Drift theory
• Super continent

  Pangea
• A theory based on biblical

  Creation Theory
• A theory proposed by Henry Otley Beyer.

  Migration Theory
• A hypothesis that the Philippines was populated by different ways of migration D A I M.

  Migration Theory
• DAIM means

  Dawnmen

  Aeta/Negritos

  Indonesians

  Malays
• According to Felipe Landa Jocano, we have original settlers (NOMADIC)

  Evolution Theory
• Evidence was discovered in the Tabon Caves in Palawan in 1962 and a found a skullcap of the Tabon man

  Robert Fox and Manuel Santiago
• Bamboo Plant

  Sikalak and Sibkahay
• MA-I (present day in Mindoro)

  Early Chinese Traders
• Islas de San Lazaro

  Ferdinand Magellan
• Filipinas

  RUy Lopez Villalobos
• Pearl of the Orient Seas

  Jose Rizal;
• Pear of the Orient


  Fr. Juan Delgado
• Philippine Island

  American Government
• Republic of the Philippines

  After Independence
• Rizaline Republic

  Artemio Recarte
• is the pre-colonial political unit which is composed of 30-100 families

  Barangay
• The system during pre-colonial was

  Chiefdom
• Datu or Raja was the chieftain ruler of the Barangay or in Muslim Community
• The barangay system during pre-colonial period was

  decentralized
• The datu exercise

  executive, legislative, judiciary
• the judicial process during pre-colonila period was

  Trial by Ordeal/torture
• Hunting Gathering and Barter System during pre-colonial are

  gold, salt and rice
• ironworking,boatbuilding,pottery,weaving, gold working

  Industry
• subsistence,farming, horticulture are

  Agriculture
• foreign and domestic are

  Trade and commerce
• The ranking in social class during pre-colonial was

  Datu

  Maharlika

  Timagua

  Alipin
• ruling class

  Datu
• Common class

  Timagua
• known as uripon in visayans or the dependent class

  Alipin