Separating Mixtures

• Filtration - separating components of a suspension by passing it through a filter paper. The substance that remains in the strainer is called residue and the solvent that passes through it is called filtrate
• Decantation - solid particles are allowed to settle first at the bottom called sediments and later, the liquid which is called supernatant is collected
• Centrifugation - mixture is poured into a special tube in the centrifuge apparatus, and is allowed to spin using centrifugal force
• Magnetic Separation - process of separating elemental metals from other particles in mixture
• Evaporation - converting liquid to gas
• Melting - process that can be used in extricating mixtures that contain 2 substances containing different melting points
• Sublimation - changing solid to gas; ex: naphthalene
• Deposition - changing gas into solid; ex: making of dry ice
• Distillation - process of separating a homogeneous mixture composed of 2 substances with different boiling points
• Chromatography - it has various methods such as paper chromatography. The separation depends upon the solubility of each component of the solvent. The dye that's more soluble moves up along the solvent while the dye that's less soluble travels slowly and is usually at the lower part of the paper