Kingdoms

• Organisms are classified into five kingdoms
• Viruses are not living and so are not in a kingdom
• Cell parts in different kingdoms

  • Prokaryotes
  • Protoctists
  • Plants
  • Animals
  • Fungi
• Unicellular organisms can only grow to a certain size
• If the organism is too big, it cannot get enough of the substances it needs throughout the cell because diffusion is too slow
• The tissues in multicellular organisms need to have raw materials transported to them because diffusion would be too slow
• Microscopic fungi include yeast
• Yeast


  Reproduces asexually by budding
• Yeast


  Can use aerobic respiration, which is important in baking
• Yeast


  Can use anaerobic respiration (fermentation), which is important in alcoholic drink manufacture
• Some bacteria are important in making yoghurt and cheese
• Bacteria and fungi feed by releasing enzymes into their surroundings to digest large organic molecules
• The digested molecules are then absorbed
• Bacteria structure

  
• Bacteria and fungi feed by releasing enzymes into their surroundings to digest large organic molecules.
• Organisms are classified into five kingdoms
• Viruses are not living and so are not in a kingdom
• Cell parts in different kingdoms

  • Prokaryotes
  • Protoctists
  • Plants
  • Animals
  • Fungi
• Unicellular organisms can only grow to a certain size
• If the organism is too big, it cannot get enough of the substances it needs throughout the cell because diffusion is too slow
• The tissues in multicellular organisms need to have raw materials transported to them because diffusion would be too slow
• Microscopic fungi include yeast
• Yeast


  Reproduces asexually by budding
• Yeast


  Can use aerobic respiration, which is important in baking
• Yeast


  Can use anaerobic respiration (fermentation), which is important in alcoholic drink manufacture
• Some bacteria are important in making yoghurt and cheese
• Bacteria use anaerobic respiration to ferment milk


  Glucose → lactic acid
• Bacteria and fungi feed by releasing enzymes into their surroundings to digest large organic molecules
• The digested molecules are then absorbed
• Modelling chemical reactions using word equations

  Reactants → Products
• Thermal decomposition reactions


  Involve breaking down a single compound using heat
• Thermal decomposition reactions are used in industry to extract metals