VACCINES

• VACCINATION PROCESS?

  1. Small amounts of weakened/ dead pathogen or antigens are introduced in mouth or by injection
  2. Exposure to antigens activates B cell to undergo clonal expansion and differentiation (clonal selection)
  3. B cells undergo mitosis to make large numbers of these cells
  4. These cells then differentiate into plasma or B memory cells
  5. Plasma cells make antibodies
  6. B memory cells can divide rapidly into plasma cells when re-infected with the same pathogen (produce a larger number of antibodies more rapidly)
• WHAT IS CLONAL SELECTION?

  clonal expansion and differentiation