ES

• Today, we will explore the unique characteristics of Earth that make it an ideal habitat for supporting life as we know it.
• These conditions have played a crucial role in the development and sustenance of a diverse range of organisms on our planet.
• The Earth is the only planet in the solar system that can support life.
• Reasons why the Earth is unique and make life possible

  • Location of the Earth
  • Distance from the Sun
  • Magnetic field
  • Atmosphere condition
  • Presence of Liquid Water
  • Greenhouse gases
• The solar system is separated from the galactic core by a great distance (almost 30,000 light-years).
• A large black hole is most likely present in the galactic core, which emits regular bursts of radiation.
• Our location is far from many hazards.
• Solar system's round orbit

  Aids it in avoiding that harmful region of the galaxy
• Jupiter's role


  Aided Earth in becoming a safe sanctuary for life by shielding much of the incoming material
• The Earth orbits the Sun at a distance of 93 million miles (150 million kilometers).
• Goldilocks zone


  Where the planet receives just enough energy to support liquid water on its surface
• Magnetic field of Earth

  Caused by currents of electricity that flow in the molten core
• The powerful magnetic field shields Earth from solar flares and solar wind threats.
• Magnetic field deflection


  Deflects most solar wind, which would otherwise deplete the ozone layer
• The magnetic field maintains the planet's atmosphere and aids humans and animals in finding their way around.
• Only Earth has the right chemical materials like liquid water that could support life.
• Without the greenhouse effect, Earth would be frozen, more than 60º F colder.
• Greenhouse gases


  • Water vapour
  • Methane
  • Carbon dioxide
• Earth's atmosphere


  Capable of trapping heat and houses important atmospheric gases
• Earth's atmosphere shields the surface from harmful radiation through the ozone layer.
• Earth has the right size to hold a sufficient-sized atmosphere.
• Earth’s atmosphere is about 100 miles thick.
• Ozone (O3)


  A greenhouse gas that shields everything on the planet from the Sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation
• The ozone layer serves as a shield, absorbing UV rays and preventing them from harming the Earth’s surface.
• Many of the millions of meteors that are currently burning up would reach the Earth's surface if our atmosphere were thinner.
• Stable Climate


  Earth's climate is relatively stable over geological timescales, essential for the long-term survival of species
• Geological Activity


  Geological processes such as tectonic activity and volcanic eruptions play a crucial role in regulating Earth's surface temperature and cycling essential nutrients
• Biodiversity


  Earth's diverse range of ecosystems and species is a testament to its ability to support life
• What is the weight of Iron as mentioned in the study material?

  69,250
• What is the weight of Limestone as mentioned in the study material?

  27,750,000
• What is the weight of Marble as mentioned in the study material?

  3,750,000
• What is the weight of Guano as mentioned in the study material?

  583
• What is the weight of Phosphate Rock as mentioned in the study material?

  614
• What does the term "accretion" refer to in geology?

  Growth outside.
• What is "intussusception" in the context of cell walls?

  Growth of a cell wall by the deposition of new particles among the existing particles of the wall.
• Where does crystallization from molten magma occur?

  In the asthenosphere and in the base of the crust above subducting lithosphere.
• What are the two subclasses of igneous rock?

  Volcanic (extrusive) and Plutonic (intrusive).
• What happens to igneous rocks accumulated on the Earth's surface?

  They undergo deposition.
• What is lithification?


  The process of unconsolidated material becoming solidified into rock.
• What is the original rock prior to metamorphism called?

  Protolith.