cliffs/ cave arch stacks

Cards (8)

how are a variety of landforms formed?1
At a headland, where the rock is hard, erosion is slow
what does Wave refraction concentrate on?2
wave energy onto the headland contributes to the formation of caves, arches, stack and stumps
what are Joints in the headland susceptible to?3
erosion by hydraulic action
how are caves formed during this process?4
Over time joints widen forming a cave that's enlarged by hydraulic action and abrasion
how does an arch form? 5
erosion cuts through the headland
what happens to the roof of a cave?6
eventually collapses due to gravity and the lack of support
how's a stump formed after the roof of the cave collapses?7
a stack that over time is eroded by weathering, abrasion, and hydraulic action to form a stump
diagram