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Subdecks (2)
Philo
1chem
36 cards
Cards (156)
Chemistry
The study of
matter
and the
changes
it undergoes
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Origin of
Chemistry
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Alchemy
A mixture of scientific investigation and mystical quest, with strands of philosophy from
Greece
,
China
, Egypt, and
Arabia
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Main aims of alchemy
The quest for the
elixir
of
life
(immortality)
The search for the
philosopher’s stone
(
turn base metals
into gold)
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Matter
Anything that occupies
space
and has
mass
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States of Matter
Solid
Liquid
Gas
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Kinetic Molecular Theory
All matter is made up of extremely small particles that are in constant
motion
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Solid
Rigid
with particles tightly
packed
Definite
shape
Definite
volume
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Liquid
Flows with particles
far apart
Definite
volume
Indefinite
shape
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Examples of liquids
Water
Alcohol
Oil
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Gas
Takes both
shape
and
volume
of its container
Particles very
far apart
Move
freely
Indefinite
shape
Indefinite
volume
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Examples of gases
Oxygen
Helium
Methane
LPG
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The three states of
matter
can be
interconverted
without changing the composition of the substance
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Quiz questions
A field of science that deals with the study of
matter
and the
changes
it undergoes
A science that was used in the Middle Ages with the goal of changing ordinary
metals
into
gold
What is
matter
?
This theory suggests that all matter is made up of extremely
small
particles (atoms, molecules, or ions) that are in
constant
motion
Matter with definite volume but indefinite shape is
Liquid
True or False: The composition of a
substance
is changed during
phase change
The ultimate factor that causes phase change
The phase change involved in the formation of
clouds
Matter that has no definite
shape
nor definite
volume
and takes up the space of its container
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Heat
/
Energy
The
ultimate factor
that causes
phase change
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Phase changes
Freezing/
Solidification
Melting
Deposition
Sublimation
Evaporation
Condensation
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Classification of Matter
Pure
Substance
Mixtures
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Types of Mixtures
Homogeneous
Heterogeneous
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Examples of Elements
Oxygen
Gold
Silver
Sulfur
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Examples of Compounds
Water
Sugar
Salt
Vinegar
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Examples of Homogeneous Mixtures
Sugar
in water
Vodka
Gasoline
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Examples of Heterogeneous Mixtures
Raisin bread
Dirt
Wood
Rock
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Pure Substances
Materials consisting of one particular kind of
matter
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Element
The simplest form of substance that makes up all
matter
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Elements are composed of only
one
kind of
atom
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At this point, there are
118
known elements
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Distribution of Elements
118
Elements
96
Natural Elements
22
Man-made (Artificial Elements)
10
constitute 99% of the earth’s crust
3
constitute 93% of the human body
75
are found in all other kinds of matter
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Elements present in the Earth Crust
Oxygen
Silicon
Aluminum
Iron
Calcium
Sodium
Potassium
Magnesium
Hydrogen
Titanium
others
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% By weight of Elements in Earth Crust
49.1
26.1
7.5
4.7
3.4
2.6
2.4
1.9
0.9
0.6
0.8
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Elements present in the Human Body
Oxygen
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Calcium
Phosphorus
Chlorine
others
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% By weight of Elements in Human Body
64.6
18.0
10.0
3.1
1.9
1.1
0.9
0.9
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Metals
Possessing different characteristics such as
malleability
, ductility, lustrous, and good conductor of
heat
and electricity
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Examples of Metals
Copper
Gold
Silver
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Non-metals
Not possessing the characteristic of
metal
to any significant
degree
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Examples of Non-metals
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Chlorine
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Metalloids
Possessing both the characteristics of
metals
and
non-metals
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Examples of Metalloids
Silicon
Arsenic
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Properties of Metals
Hard
, dense, solid (except
mercury
)
Strong
Shiny
Malleable
and
ductile
Sonorous
Can conduct
heat
and
electricity
Usually have
high
melting points
Have high
tensile
strengths
Have high
densities
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Properties of Nonmetals
Some are
gases
, liquids, or solids; less dense; and softer (except
diamond
)
Dull
Brittle
Not
sonorous
Insulators
(except
graphite
)
Have
low
melting point
Have low
tensile
strengths
Have low
densities
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Compound
A pure substance made up of
two
or more
elements
combined in definite and constant proportions
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