Pteridophytes

• Pteridophytes

  Ferns
• Pteridophytes

  • Adapted to live on land
  • Occur in moist & shady environment
  • Sporophyte generation is dominant
  • Sporophyte is perennial
  • Produces spores over generations
• Pteridophytes are NOT Thallus
• Fern stems

  • Most are horizontal rhizomes
• Adventitious roots

  • Develop from the rhizome
  • Anchor & absorb water and nutrients
• Vascular

  Having specialized tissue for conducting water and nutrients
• Sori

  Clusters of sporangia on the underside of the leaf
• Spore release and dispersal

  1. Spores are released from the sporangia

  2. Dispersed by the wind
• Germination of spores

  1. Spores germinate

  2. Give rise to a prothallus

  3. Represents the gametophyte generation
• Gametophyte generation

  • Short lived
  • Disappears after one cycle of fertilisation
• Released sperm need water

  To move to the ovum in the female sex organ
• Zygote


  Formed after fertilisation
• Pteridophytes have no seeds or fruit