Tides

• High tides

  Water bulges on opposite sides of the Earth aligned with the Moon
• Low tides


  Areas with less water between high tides
• Earth's rotation and tides

  1. Earth rotates every 24 hours

  2. Causes two high tides per day

  3. High tides are roughly 12 hours apart
• Sun's effect on tides

  Influences tides but less than the Moon due to distance
• When the Moon and Sun are aligned

  Highest high tides and lowest low tides occur (spring tides)
• Spring tides

  Highest high tides and lowest low tides when the Moon and Sun are aligned
• Neap tides


  Smallest tidal bulges when the Moon and Sun pull from different directions
• Kinetic energy

  The sum of all the kinetic and potential energies of all the particles that make up an object
• Elastic potential energy


  Energy stored in a deformed elastic object
• Thermal energy


  Energy transferred to heat an object
• Thermal energy always transfers from a hotter object to a cooler object
• Light energy

  Energy transferred by visible light, which is electromagnetic radiation
• Sound energy


  Energy transferred by sound waves as they propagate
• Chemical energy


  Energy stored in the bonds between particles that make up matter
• Nuclear energy


  Energy released during nuclear processes
• Electric energy


  Energy stored in electric fields produced by charged particles
• Energy is conserved
• Conservation in science means to maintain the same quantity of something
• Energy dissipates and degrades as it transfers
• Stored energy does not have any effect until transferred
• Important examples of energy stores

  • Fuels
  • Batteries
  • Loaded springs
  • Compressed gases
• Fuels


  Substances that release thermal energy upon combustion
• Energy is stored in food, which is our fuel