SPINE

• CLAY SHOVELER’S FRACTURE

  R.A: double spinous process sign; Avulsion fx of the spinous process of any vertebra C6- T1
• COMPRESSION FRACTURE

  RA: wedge shaped vertebral body
• HANGMAN’S FRACTURE

  RA: Fracture of the anterior C2 arch, usually with anterior subluxation of C2 on C3
• JEFFERSON FRACTURE

  RA: Bilateral offset or spreading of the lateral masses of C1 relative to dens
• HERNIATED NUCLEUS PULPOSUS (HNP)

  RA: possible narrowing in disk spacing between vertebrae and protrusion of disk into spinal canal
• SCHEUERMANN’S DISEASE

  RA: Mild kyphosis and/or scoliosis, most commonly involvement of the thoracic spine
• SPONDYLITIS

  RA: calcification with ossification, creating stiffness and lack of joint mobility
• SPONDYLOSIS

  RA: Decrease intervertebral joint space
• SPONDYLOLYSIS

  RA: Defects in the pars interarticularis (scottie dog appearing to wear a collar)
• TRANSITIONAL VERTEBRA

  RA: bony projections extended laterally from transverse processes