Review (PERDEV)

• SELF

  The sum total of who a person is; a person’s central inner force, common to all human beings and yet unique in each, which is the deep source of growth
• Self


  The representation of one’s identity which distinguishes him or her from other identities
• SELF

  The union of elements: body + thoughts + emotions + sensations = Character or Personality
• The search for validation that affects self-concept is common in adolescence and may affect one’s self-esteem
• SELF-ESTEEM


  An individual's subjective evaluation of their own worth
• SELF CONCEPT


  A person’s subjective description of who the person thinks he or she is; filtered by your own perceptions
• Factors that shape self-concept

  • Own observation
  • Feedback from others
  • Cultural Values/ Cultural Guidelines
• Self-concept is also indirectly influenced by cultural values
• Two categories of self-concept

  • ACTUAL SELF
  • IDEAL SELF
• ACTUAL SELF


  Refers to the characteristics that we believe we possess
• IDEAL SELF


  Refers to how we want to be; idealized image that we have developed over time
• Four ways on how to understand ourselves

  • Looking Glass Self
  • Introspection
  • Social Comparison
  • Self-Perception
• Looking Glass Self


  The process wherein individuals base their sense of self on how they believe others view them
• Introspection


  Your ability to reflect and think about your own thoughts, feelings, and actions
• Social Comparison


  Phenomenon where we can compare ourselves to people who are better than us or worse than us
• Self-Perception


  The way in which people come to understand their own attitudes and beliefs based on their behavior in given situations
• Identifying your strengths empowers you to do developmental tasks and equips you with skills essential in making wise decisions in life
• Identifying your weaknesses gives you the opportunity to know your limitations or boundaries
• ARISTOTLE: '“Knowing yourself is the beginning of all wisdom”'
• Holistic Development


  The process of self-actualization and learning that combines an individual’s mental, physical, social, emotional, and spiritual/moral growth
• Five aspects of personal development

  • PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES
  • COGNITIVE CHANGES
  • EMOTIONAL CHANGES
  • SOCIAL CHANGES
  • MORAL CHANGES
• Physiological development

  Refers to physical changes in the body as well as the senses and changes in skills related to movement
• PRIMARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS

  Changes to the sexual organs
• SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERISTICS

  Physical changes that mark adult maturation
• Androgen and Estrogen


  Hormones produced by endocrine glands that affect physical growth and development
• Testosterone


  An androgen that is strongly associated with the physical maturation of boys
• Estradiol


  An estrogen that is strongly associated with the physical development of girls
• Prefrontal Cortex


  Involved in decision making, reasoning, and controlling one’s emotions
• Amygdala


  The seat of your emotions
• Emotional development

  Has something to do with the feelings that you experience
• Emotionally healthy people are in control of their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
• Emotional maturity

  Your ability to understand and manage your emotions
• 10 Signs of Emotional Maturity

  • Be aware of your emotions and reactions
  • Think before you act
  • Manage stress
  • Strive for balance
  • Take care of your physical health
  • Connect with others
• Social development


  About our innate capacity to relate with others, to connect, and to feel the sense of belongingness
• Peer Pressure


  The expectation that you comply with the norms of your peer group
• Moral development


  Focuses on the emergence, change, and understanding of morality from infancy through adulthood
• Moral development starts with obeying your elders when you were a child to more internal, moral thinking during adolescence
• Developmental task


  Specific knowledge, skills, attitudes, and functions that a person needs to acquire and demonstrate at particular periods in his or her life
• Adolescence is a period of transition when the individual changes—physically and psychologically—from a child to an adult
• Three stages in adolescence period

  • Early Adolescence
  • Middle Adolescence
  • Late Adolescence