lesson 1: universe's creation

• creation myth


  symbolic narrative of the beginning of the world as understood by a culture
• creation myth


  passed through oral traditions
• 6 days


  how many days it took in the book of genesis for the cosmos to be created
• theism


  the belief that god created the entire cosmos in 6 days
• geocentric 


  greek philosophers like aristotle hypothesized that the earth was the center of the universe
• heliocentric


  aristarchus hypothesized that the sun is the center of the universe
• Gallileo Gallilei, Nicolaus Copernicus


  supported the heliocentric theory
• Alexander Friedmann and Georges Lemaitre


  big bang theory scientists
(1920)
• big bang theory


  13.7 billion years ago, there was nothing and nowhere until a huge explosion occured that sent space, time, and energy in one direction.
• singularity


  tiny compact point where all matter and energy are concentrated
• radiation


  what emits when energy is being created?
• neutrons, electrons, protons -> atoms -> light elements
• nucleosynthesis


  the process of creating elements
• inflationary epoch


  the universe expanded from the size of an atomic nucleus
• formation of the universe

  • the universe continued to expand
  • became distinct; gravity, nuclear forces, electromagnetic forces
• fundamental particles


  quarks, electrons, protons, and neutrons
• formation of the basic elements


  protons and neutrons were combined to form nuclei
• nucleosynthesis


  the process when protons and neutrons are combined to form nuclei
• nuclei


  what is formed when protons and neutrons combine?
• radiation era

  • most energy is in the form of radiation
  • e.g; different wavelengths of light
  • CMB
• cosmic microwave background (CMB)


  the remnant of heat in big bang
• matter domination


  -end of radiation era, lithium atom began to form.

  -electrons joined with hydrogen and helium to make small neutral atoms
• hydrogen, helium


  elements electrons joined with to make small neutral atoms.
• small neutral atoms


  this is formed when electrons join with hydrogen and helium
• birth of stars and galaxies


  -irregular areas of gas clouds attracted nearby matter and became denser

  -dense clouds of gas gain enough mass to ignite and produce light

  -clouds of gas = birthplace of stars
• clouds of gas


  it is the birthplace of stars
• big bang


  -infinitely small, infinitely dense, primenal fireball

  -supernified force
• supernified forces


  gravity, strong and weak electromagnetic forces
• planck time 


  -earliest known time

  -gravity separated; unified EM forces
• end of GUT


  -strong force separated

  -quarks and leptons formed, along with their anti particles
• unified force


  consists of weak force and EM
• inflation


  size of the universe drastically increased
• EVENTS IN BIG BANG

  1. inflationary epoch
  2. formation of the universe
  3. formation of the basic elements
  4. radiation era
  5. matter domination
  6. birth of stars and galaxies
• end of unified forces

  -split of weak and EM force; put an end to it

  -protons and neutrons started forming from quarks
• quarks


  from where protons and neutrons started forming
• protons, neutrons


  these two started forming from quarks
• heavy particle


  protons and neutrons production in full swing
• light particle 


  electrons and positrons formed
• nucleosynthesis


  helium, deuterium, and a few other elements formed
• recombination


  -matter and radiation separated

  -end of radiation domination

  -start of matter domination