Phonology

• Uptalk:

  high rising terminal / valley girl speak

  Declarative sentence end with rising intonation - makes it sound like question
• Uptalk:

  Declarative sentence ends with intonation

  • women use twice as often, acted as confirming statement to be understood
  • Used to hold conversational floor
  • May use to prevent interruption
• Vocal fry:

  Vocal effect produced by slow vibration of vocal chords characterised by creaking noises and low pitch

  • Speaker adopts this style - vibration elongates certain words
  • ”whateeveeerrrrrrr”