anaphy (specialties of physiology)

• neurophysiology - functional properties of nerve cells.
• endocrinology - hormones (chemical regulators in the blood) and how they control body functions.
• cardiovascular physiology - functions of the heart and blood vessels.
• immunology - the body's defenses against disease-causing agents.
• respiratory physiology - functions of the air passageways and lungs.
• renal physiology - functions of the kidneys.
• exercise physiology - changes in cell and organ functions due to muscular activity.
• pathophysiology - functional changes associated with disease and aging.