Performance Enhancing Drugs (PEDs)

• Performance enhancing drugs are substances that can improve athletic performance.
• What is the intention of the person taking PEDs?


  usually to win with an unfair advantage
• Why are PEDs banned?

  • dangerous side effects
  • improves performance artificially
• Who tests for Peds?

  The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
• RHYME TO REMEMBER:

  People Peptide hormones

  Do Diuretics

  Steroids (anabolic) Steroids

  Because Beta Blockers

  Nobody Narcotics

  Bloody Blood Doping

  Sees Stimulants
• Anabolic Steroids - man made copy of the male hormone testosterone, stimulates the growth of muscle

  😍:can train harder for longer ( inc. strength + power), speeds up recovery time, inc. muscle mass (imp. performance)

  😭: liver damage, testicular atrophy (leads to infertility), large breasts (men), deep voice (women), hair loss, acne, high BP, mood swings, inc. aggression.
• Beta Blockers

  block the effects of adrenaline, slow down heart rate.

  benefits sports that use precision (darts/archery)

  :)

  reduce anxiety, calming effect, reduce muscle tremor/shakes, imp. performance (it’s calm/focused)

  :(

  can lower HR too much= heart failure, lowers blood pressure, disturbs sleep
• Stimulants

  temporarily elevate mood, act directly on CNS to make you more awake/alert.

  benefits two types of sports- ex. rugby (inc. aggression) OR ex. marathon (alert over long periods of time)

  :)

  inc. alertness (mental +physical) so quicker to respond, inc. aggression, inc. energy = prolonged performance, reduces tiredness

  :(

  gives insomina, addictive, inc.aggression (can make you dangerous), inc. HR + BP (leads to heart failure)
• Narcotics analgesics

  relieve pain, act on brain and spinal cord to damped the effets of painful stimulants (masking the pain)

  benefits any sport (but mostly contact sports)

  :)

  inc. pain threshold, mask injuries (so can compete), sense of euphoria

  :(

  addiction, effects concentration/balance/focus, can lead to further injury, nausea/sickness, anxiety/depression, kidney+liver damage
• Diuretics

  drugs that inc. rate of urination, inc.amount of fluid the body looses

  benefits weight categoric sports (ex. boxing) AND horse riding (if you are lighter = horse goes faster)

  :)

  quick weight loss, masks hides other PEDs that have been taken.

  :(

  causes dehydration, nausea, headaches, heart/kidney failure, muscle cramps
• Blood doping

  (DIFFERENT TO PEDs - is a method NOT a substance)

  process where someone removes oxygen rich blood, freezes it and then adds back before a competition.

  benefits LONG DISTANCE events

  :)

  inc. no. RBCs (therefore oxygen carrying capacity)

  :(

  infection from equipment (leads to blood poisoning), inc. thickness of blood (due to inc. RBCs) leads to clots/strokes and then heart attacks, spread of diseases carried in bodily fluids.
• Peptide hormones

  found naturally in the body but artificially manufactured + injected

  THERE ARE TWO TYPES:

  • HGH (Human Growth Hormone)
  • EPO (Erythopoietin)
• HGH

  increases muscle mass, therefore inc. muscular strength

  benefits sports that need high muscle strength (ex. sprinting)

  :)

  inc. muscle mass, inc. metabolic rate (burns more fat), speedy recovery of muscle (injury + fatigue)

  :(

  arthritis, heart failure, abnormal growth of hands and feet, diabetes
• EPO

  increases RBCs, therefore oxygen to wm

  benefits sports where high levels of oxygen are useful (e.g. marathon)

  :)

  inc. RBCs (theref. oxygen), perform longer before you starrt to fatigue, shortens recover time

  >:(

  inc. thockness of blood (leads to blood clots/strokes/deep vein thrombosis), inc. risk of heart attack.
• Why do athletes take drugs?

  • money
  • potential success
  • enhance performance
  • pressure from athletes/coaches
  • recreational