Elizabeth

• In what year did Elizabeth become queen?

  1558
• What was one of Elizabeth's main challenges upon becoming queen?

  Establishing her authority as reigning monarch
• What was unusual about Elizabeth's status as queen?

  She was unmarried
• Why did many people disapprove of a queen regnant?

  Because Christian traditions suggested women should follow men's authority
• What was the pope's stance on Elizabeth's legitimacy?

  The pope refused to recognize her mother's marriage to Henry VII
• What religion was Elizabeth?

  Protestant
• What did many Catholics prefer instead of Elizabeth as queen?

  A Catholic monarch
• What was the Act of Supremacy?

  It was the act that established Henry as the head of the Church of England
• How did Elizabeth's inexperience affect her rule?

  She needed the support and advice of her Privy Council
• What were Elizabeth's prerogative powers?

  They allowed her to govern without parliament's consent in foreign policy
• Who was Elizabeth's Secretary of State?

  Sir William Cecil
• What was one of the financial challenges Elizabeth faced in 1558?

  The Crown was £300,000 in debt
• Why was marriage important for Elizabeth?

  She needed an heir to prevent a vacant throne
• What were the potential consequences of Elizabeth marrying a Catholic?

  It would upset Protestants
• What was Elizabeth's approach to managing her finances?

  She cut her household expenses by half
• What was the significance of the Treaty of Cateau Cambrésis?

  England lost Calais to France
• How did Elizabeth deal with the threat from Mary, Queen of Scots?

  She placed Mary in custody in England
• Why was religion central to life in Elizabethan England?

  It guided people's morals and behavior
• What was the main religious division in England in 1558?

  Between Catholics and Protestants
• What did Puritans want to do with the Christian religion?

  They wanted to purify it by removing anything not in the Bible
• How did Elizabeth's education contribute to her strengths as a monarch?

  She was well-educated and understood politics
• What was the role of patronage in Elizabeth's reign?

  It was used to reward supporters with lands and titles
• What was the divine right?

  The idea that God alone appointed the monarch
• How did Elizabeth portray herself throughout her reign?

  As a strong, legitimate, popular monarch
• What was one of the key features of Elizabeth's religious settlement?

  The Act of Supremacy established her as the Governor of the Church of England
• What was the significance of the Act of Uniformity?

  It established the order of services in the Church of England
• How did Elizabeth's financial policies affect ordinary people?

  They faced a heavier financial burden while the wealthy benefited
• What was the impact of inflation during Elizabeth's reign?

  Prices rose because coins were worth less
• What was the role of the Privy Council?

  To advise the monarch
• What was the significance of the Peace of Troyes?

  It recognized the French claim to Calais
• How did Elizabeth's approach to foreign policy reflect her financial situation?

  She sought to avoid war due to the Crown's debt
• What was the relationship between England and Scotland during Elizabeth's reign?

  Scotland was allied with France, posing a threat to England
• What was the main reason for the religious divisions in England?

  The Reformation divided the Christian Church
• How did Elizabeth's religious policies affect her legitimacy?

  They helped her gain support from Protestants
• What were the key differences between Catholicism and Protestantism in 1558?

  Catholics recognized the pope's authority, while Protestants did not
• What was the significance of the Puritans in Elizabethan England?

  They sought to purify the Church of England from practices not found in the Bible
• What character traits were attributed to Elizabeth as a monarch?

  She was confident and charismatic
• Why was Elizabeth's time in the Tower significant?

  It showed she could cope with the pressures of being queen
• How did Elizabeth use propaganda during her reign?

  To portray herself as a strong and legitimate monarch
• What was the impact of the Act of Uniformity?

  It established the order of services in the Church of England