Biology-Photosynthesis

• What is photosynthesis?

  The process by which plants use sunlight to make glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
• Where does photosynthesis take place in a plant?

  In the chloroplasts of plant cells.
• What pigment is essential for photosynthesis?

  Chlorophyll.
• What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?

  The light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions).
• What is the overall equation for photosynthesis?

  6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂.
• What gas is taken in by plants during photosynthesis?

  Carbon dioxide (CO₂).
• What gas is released as a byproduct of photosynthesis?

  Oxygen (O₂).
• What is the main source of energy for photosynthesis?

  Sunlight.
• What is the role of water in photosynthesis?

  Water provides electrons and hydrogen ions; oxygen is released as a byproduct.
• What are stomata?

  Small openings on the underside of leaves that allow gas exchange.
• What is the purpose of the Calvin cycle?

  To convert carbon dioxide and energy from ATP and NADPH into glucose.
• How does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?

  Increased light intensity generally increases the rate of photosynthesis, up to a certain point.
• How does carbon dioxide concentration affect photosynthesis?

  Higher CO₂ concentrations can increase the rate of photosynthesis, up to a certain level.
• How does temperature affect photosynthesis?

  Photosynthesis increases with temperature to an optimum point, beyond which it decreases.
• What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?

  ATP, NADPH, and O₂.