Sedimentary rocks

• The five processes to form sedimentary rock


  Transportation, deposition, sedimentation, compaction, and cementation
• Where is sediment deposited during the transportation process?


  On the sea floor or the bottom of a lake
• 3rd process: Sedimentation


  Layers continue to build up by deposition.
• What is formed as a result of compaction?


  Crystals of different salts
• 5th process: Cementation


  The minerals and crystals stick the pieces of rock together.
• What happens to sedimentary rocks over time?


  They can uplift above the sea level and can form beds and strata separated by bedding planes.
• How long can it take for sedimentary rocks to form?


  Thousands of years
• What can sedimentary rocks contain?


  Fossilized remains of sea creatures
• Examples:

  • Clay
  • Limestone
  • Chalk
  • Coal
• Uses of sedimentary materials:


  • Clay for house bricks
  • Sand and gravel for concrete and cement
• 2nd process: Deposition


  The sediment is laid down on the sea floor or bottom of a lake
• 4th process: Compaction

  • The weight of the sediment on higher layers squashes the sediment below it.
  • This squeezes the water out from between pieces of rock to form crystals of different salts
• 1st process: Transportation


  Rock particles, broken rock and minerals eroded from places by wind or water are carried by rivers then deposited to sea