The Endocrine System

• What are the two systems that can send information around the body?

  Nervous system and endocrine system
• What are hormones and where are they produced?

  Hormones are chemicals produced and released by endocrine glands
• How do hormones affect the body?

  They bring about specific, long-lasting effects in the body
• What is the role of the endocrine system?

  To release specific hormones into the blood
• How are hormones transported in the body?

  Hormones are transported by the blood to target organs
• What is the general effect of hormones compared to nerves?

  Hormones generally control processes that require constant adjustment
• What is the pituitary gland known as?

  The master gland
• What does the pituitary gland release?

  It releases hormones that regulate body conditions and act on other glands
• What hormone does the thyroid produce and what is its function?

  The thyroid produces thyroxine, which helps regulate metabolism
• What is the role of insulin produced by the pancreas?

  Insulin is important in controlling blood glucose levels
• What does the adrenal gland produce and what is its role?

  The adrenal gland produces adrenaline, which is involved in fight or flight responses
• What hormone do ovaries produce and what is its significance?

  Ovaries produce oestrogen, which is vital for the menstrual cycle
• What hormone do testes produce and what does it control?

  Testes produce testosterone, which controls puberty and sperm production
• How do hormones and nerves differ in their method of transporting messages?

  Nerves carry electrical impulses, while hormones are chemicals transported in the blood
• Why are nerves used for rapid responses?

  Because they work much quicker than hormones
• What is the duration of the response produced by hormones compared to nerves?

  Hormones produce long responses, while nerves produce short-term responses
• How do the target areas of nerves compare to those of hormones?

  Nerves target very specific areas, while hormones are more general
• What are the key differences between message transport by nerves and by hormones?

  • Nerves transport information quicker than hormones
  • Nerves carry electrical impulses; hormones are chemical
  • Hormones produce long responses; nerves produce short-term responses
  • Nerves target more specific areas than hormones
• What is the role of the pituitary gland in the endocrine system?

  It releases hormones that regulate body conditions and act on other glands
• Name the hormone produced by the pancreas.

  Insulin
• What hormone is produced by the thyroid gland?

  Thyroxine
• What hormone is produced by the adrenal gland?

  Adrenaline
• What hormone is produced by the ovaries?

  Oestrogen
• What hormone is produced by the testes?

  Testosterone
• Which glands are classed as 'sex hormones', and stimulate puberty?

  Testosterone , Oestrogen