microscopy

• What is the primary function of microscopes?

  To view specimens by magnifying them
• How long ago were microscopes first invented?

  Hundreds of years ago
• What is a significant advancement of modern microscopes compared to early models?


  Modern microscopes are much more advanced
• What have light microscopes allowed scientists to discover about cells?


  Important structures inside cells, such as the nucleus
• What is the limitation of light microscopes regarding magnification?

  They have a limited magnification power
• What is another major problem with light microscopes?

  They have limited resolution, resulting in blurred images
• Why did scientists invent the electron microscope?

  To explore structures inside cells in detail
• What are the key advantages of electron microscopes compared to light microscopes?

  They have much greater magnification and resolution
• What can be seen in the nucleus when using an electron microscope?

  Detail that could never be seen with a light microscope
• How do you calculate the magnification of a microscope?


  Magnification equals the size of the image divided by the size of the real object
• Will the magnification equation be provided in the exam?


  Yes, but the triangle will not be provided
• If the size of the image of the nucleus is 45 millimeters and the actual diameter is 0.01 millimeters, what is the magnification?


  The magnification is 4500 times
• If the length of the mitochondrion is measured at 30 millimeters and the actual length is 0.003 millimeters, what is the magnification?

  The magnification is 10000 times
• How do you calculate the size of the real object if you know the image size and magnification?

  The size of the real object is the size of the image divided by the magnification
• If the size of the image is 87 millimeters and the magnification is 2000 times, what is the size of the real cell?

  The size of the real cell is 0.0435 millimeters
• What are the advantages of electron microscopes over light microscopes?

  • Much greater magnification
  • Higher resolution
  • Ability to see fine details in structures like the nucleus
• What are the steps to calculate magnification?

  1. Measure the size of the image.

  2. Measure the size of the real object.

  3. Use the formula: Magnification = Size of Image / Size of Real Object.
• How can you calculate the size of a real object from the image size and magnification?

  1. Measure the size of the image.

  2. Know the magnification.

  3. Use the formula: Size of Real Object = Size of Image / Magnification.