Reproductive Hormones

• What is the main focus of today's video?

  The reproductive hormones and the menstrual cycle
• What is puberty?

  It is the period during which adolescents develop secondary sexual characteristics
• What are secondary sexual characteristics in men and women?

  Facial hair in men and breasts in women
• What triggers the process of puberty?

  Reproductive hormones, mainly testosterone in men and estrogen in women
• Where is testosterone produced in men?

  In the testes
• Where is estrogen produced in women?

  In the ovaries
• What are the four stages of the menstrual cycle?

  1. Menstruation

  2. Uterus lining buildup

  3. Ovulation

  4. Maintenance of the uterus lining
• What happens during menstruation?

  It is the period of bleeding due to the breakdown of the uterus lining
• How long does menstruation typically last?

  About four days
• What occurs in stage two of the menstrual cycle?

  The uterus lining starts to build up and becomes a thick spongy layer
• How long does stage two of the menstrual cycle last?

  Around ten days, up to day 14
• What is the role of the uterus lining during stage two?

  To prepare for the fertilized egg
• What is ovulation?

  The release of the egg from one of the ovaries
• How long does ovulation last?

  It takes place in a single day
• What happens in stage four of the menstrual cycle?

  It involves maintaining the lining of the uterus
• What occurs if no fertilized egg reaches the uterus by the end of the cycle?

  The uterus lining breaks down and the cycle restarts
• What happens if a fertilized egg implants into the uterus lining?

  The menstrual cycle stops because the woman is pregnant
• What hormones are involved in the menstrual cycle?

  1. Estrogen

  2. Progesterone

  3. Luteinizing hormone (LH)

  4. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
• Where is estrogen produced?

  In the ovaries
• What is the role of estrogen in the menstrual cycle?


  It stimulates the uterus lining to grow
• What is the role of progesterone in the menstrual cycle?

  It maintains the lining of the uterus
• What happens if progesterone levels drop?

  The uterus lining breaks down
• Where are LH and FSH produced?

  In the pituitary gland
• What is the role of FSH in the menstrual cycle?

  It stimulates one of the eggs to mature in one of the ovaries
• What does LH stimulate on day 14?

  The release of the egg, known as ovulation
• How do the hormones interact during the menstrual cycle?

  • FSH stimulates the ovaries to produce estrogen
  • Estrogen inhibits FSH (negative feedback)
  • High estrogen levels stimulate LH release, causing ovulation
  • Progesterone inhibits both LH and FSH
• What is an example of negative feedback in the menstrual cycle?

  Estrogen inhibiting FSH levels
• What happens to the menstrual cycle if a fertilized egg implants?

  The menstrual cycle stops