Food

• What are nutrients?


  Nutrients are substances found in food that are essential for the growth, development, and maintenance of body functions.
• Why are nutrients important for the body?

  They are crucial for providing energy, building and repairing body tissues, regulating body processes, and supporting the immune system.
• What are the two main categories of nutrients?

  - Macronutrients: Needed in large amounts (carbohydrates, proteins, fats) - Micronutrients: Needed in smaller amounts (vitamins and minerals)
• What are macronutrients?


  Macronutrients are nutrients needed in large amounts, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
• What are micronutrients?


  Micronutrients are nutrients needed in smaller amounts, including vitamins and minerals.
• What is the main source of energy for the body?

  Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy.
• What are the two main types of carbohydrates?

  1. Simple carbohydrates (sugars) - Monosaccharides (e.g., glucose, fructose) - Disaccharides (e.g., sucrose, lactose) 2. Complex carbohydrates (starches and fiber) - Found in foods like whole grains, vegetables, and legumes
• What are the functions of carbohydrates?

  Carbohydrates provide immediate energy, spare proteins for other uses, aid in fat metabolism, and provide fiber for digestive health.
• Which food is likely to contain more complex carbohydrates?

  Brown rice
• What are proteins made up of?

  Proteins are made up of amino acids.
• What are the key functions of proteins in the body?

  Proteins are crucial for building and repairing tissues, producing enzymes and hormones, supporting immune function, and providing energy when carbohydrates are not available.
• What are the two types of amino acids?

  - Essential amino acids: Must be obtained from food - Non-essential amino acids: Can be produced by the body
• What is a complete protein source?

  A complete protein source contains all essential amino acids in adequate amounts.
• Which of the following is considered a complete protein source?

  Eggs
• Why is rice considered an incomplete protein source?

  Rice lacks or has insufficient amounts of certain essential amino acids, particularly lysine.
• Which combination would likely create a complete protein source?

  Rice and beans
• What is protein complementation?

  Protein complementation involves combining two incomplete protein sources to form a complete protein.
• Which statement about proteins is correct?

  Most plant-based protein sources are incomplete and may need to be combined for a complete amino acid profile.
• Who is most likely to need to consider protein complementation in their diet?

  A vegan who eats no animal products
• Why is protein complementation generally more important for vegans than for people who eat eggs and dairy?

  Vegans rely solely on plant-based proteins, which are often incomplete, while eggs and dairy are complete protein sources.
• Do eggs and dairy contain protein?

  Yes, eggs and dairy are excellent sources of protein.
• What is the protein content of a large egg?

  A large egg contains about 6-7 grams of protein.
• How much protein does a cup of milk contain?

  A cup of milk contains about 8 grams of protein.
• How much protein can Greek yogurt contain per serving?

  Greek yogurt can contain up to 20 grams of protein per serving.
• What is the significance of protein complementation for vegans?

  - Vegans rely solely on plant-based proteins, which are often incomplete. - They need to combine different plant protein sources to ensure all essential amino acids are present. - Examples include combining grains with legumes.
• Why do vegans need more protein overall than people who eat eggs and dairy?

  Vegans rely solely on plant-based proteins, which are often incomplete.
• What are the key differences between complete and incomplete protein sources?

  - Complete proteins: Contain all essential amino acids (e.g., eggs, dairy). - Incomplete proteins: Lack one or more essential amino acids (e.g., most plant-based proteins). - Vegans must combine different plant sources for a complete amino acid profile.
• How much protein does a large egg contain?

  A large egg contains about 6-7 grams of protein.