The Brain

• What are the four main components of the brain?

  The cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, and brain stem
• Which component of the brain is the largest?

  The cerebrum
• How is the cerebrum divided?

  It is split into two halves called cerebral hemispheres
• What are the four lobes of the cerebrum?

  The frontal lobe, occipital lobe, parietal lobe, and temporal lobe
• What functions are associated with the frontal lobe?

  Speech, thought, and learning
• What is the role of the temporal lobe?

  It is involved with hearing and memory
• What does the parietal lobe process?

  Sensory information
• What is the function of the occipital lobe?

  It processes visual information
• What is the primary responsibility of the cerebellum?

  Controlling motor skills, balance, coordination, and muscles
• What are the two substructures of the diencephalon?

  The thalamus and hypothalamus
• What is the function of the thalamus?

  It acts as a relay station for nerve impulses from the senses
• What does the hypothalamus regulate?

  Body temperature, hunger, and thirst
• How does the hypothalamus connect the nervous system and the endocrine system?

  It releases hormones from the pituitary gland
• What functions does the brain stem regulate?


  Automatic functions essential for life such as breathing, heartbeat, and swallowing
• What role do motor and sensory neurons play in the brain stem?

  They allow impulses to pass between the brain and spinal cord
• What are the main functions of the brain's components?

  • Cerebrum: Speech, thought, learning, sensory processing, and visual processing
  • Cerebellum: Motor skills, balance, coordination, and muscle control
  • Diencephalon: Relay of nerve impulses (thalamus) and regulation of body functions (hypothalamus)
  • Brain Stem: Regulation of automatic life functions (breathing, heartbeat, swallowing)