Cognitive Approach

• What is the main focus of the cognitive approach in psychology?

  The cognitive approach focuses on mental processes that affect behavior.
• How does the cognitive approach suggest we study mental processes?

  It suggests studying mental processes scientifically through laboratory experiments.
• What analogy does the cognitive approach use to describe the mind?

  The cognitive approach uses the computer analogy to describe the mind.
• What are schemas according to the cognitive approach?

  Schemas are mental structures that drive our behavior and influence our attention, interpretation, and memory.
• What are the key features of the cognitive approach?

  • Study of internal mental processes
  • Use of theoretical and computer models
  • Role of schemas in behavior
• What does the cognitive approach argue about internal mental processes?

  It argues that internal mental processes can be studied scientifically through memory, perception, and thinking.
• How do cognitive psychologists study internal mental processes?

  They study them indirectly by making inferences based on observable behavior.
• What is the process of making inferences in cognitive psychology?

  It involves drawing logical assumptions about internal mental processes based on observed behavior.
• What is the information-processing model in cognitive psychology?

  The information-processing model describes how the human mind functions like a computer, processing input to produce output.
• What are the three stages of the information-processing model?

  The three stages are input, processing, and output.
• What does the Multi-Store Model illustrate?

  The Multi-Store Model illustrates how memory flows from sensory memory to long-term memory through a series of stages.
• How do schemas function in cognitive psychology?

  Schemas are mental representations created from unique experiences that help predict future events.
• What are the benefits of schemas?

  Schemas help make quick decisions and predict outcomes based on past experiences.
• What are the potential downsides of schemas?

  Schemas can lead to biased recall and may contribute to negative thought patterns.
• What are the practical applications of the cognitive approach?

  • Treatment of depression through Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
  • Helps individuals dispute irrational thoughts
  • Improves functioning in everyday life
• What is soft determinism in the context of the cognitive approach?

  Soft determinism suggests that behavior is influenced by internal mental processes, but individuals have some choice over their actions.
• How does the cognitive approach utilize scientific methods?


  It uses objective and empirical techniques such as brain scans and lab experiments to study mental processes.
• What is a criticism of the cognitive approach regarding ecological validity?

  A criticism is that controlled experiments may lack ecological validity and may not represent real-world mental processes.
• How does the cognitive approach enhance psychology's scientific status?

  By using controlled experiments, it establishes cause and effect relationships between mental processes and behavior.
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of the cognitive approach?

  Strengths:

  • Practical applications in therapy (CBT)
  • Uses scientific methods for research

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • May lack ecological validity
  • Can be criticized for oversimplifying complex behaviors