2.13 - Cardiovascular Disease

Created by

matilda

Cards (12)

Which chemical process supplies the majority of the energy required for the contraction of muscle tissue?
Aerobic respiration
What is the cause of Coronary Heart Disease?
Coronary arteries supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle.
CHD is started with a build up of fatty material that makes the lumen narrower in the coronary arteries.
This reduces the flow of blood resulting in a lack of oxygen and nutrients to the heart.
This can cause chest pain as the heart muscle is starved of oxygen, and can lead to heart attacks.
What is the fatty material build up in the coronary arteries called?
Fatty Plaques
What are the treatments for coronary heart disease?
Statins and Stents
How does a stent help treat Coronary Heart Disease?
It expands within the artery to widen the lumen
What are the benefits of stents when treating CHD?
Stents can last a long time.
Surgery is quick.
They have almost an immediate effect.
How do statins help treat CHD?
They decrease the amount of LDL cholesterol in the blood
They increase the amount of HDL cholesterol in the blood
What are the disadvantages of statins?
They have side effects (kidney failure, headaches)
It can take months to see positive results
Pills have to be taken every day
What are two problems with faulty heart valves?
Not enough blood passes through the valve
Blood can pass backwards through the valve
How can faulty heart valves be replaced?
Biologically - valves are taken from other animals (usually pigs or cows)
Mechanically - man made valves (often metal)
What are treatments for heart failure?
Replacement with a biological heart
Replacement with an artificial heart
What type of heart replacement might be rejected by the immune system?
Biological