Demographic trends

• What is the estimated number of people migrating to Britain in 2019?


  617,000 people
• What is the estimated number of people emigrating from Britain in 2019?


  407,000 people
• What does net migration represent?

  Net migration is the difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants.
• What are push factors in migration?

  Push factors are conditions that drive people away from their home country.
• What are pull factors in migration?

  Pull factors are conditions that attract people to a new country.
• What are some examples of push factors for migration?

  • Political/religious persecution
  • Escaping poverty and famine
  • Lack of job opportunities
• What are some examples of pull factors for migration?


  • Joining relatives
  • Better opportunities (healthcare, jobs)
  • Better living standards
  • Political/religious freedom
• What was the net migration figure in 2004?


  223,000 people
• What percentage of net migration into the UK in 2004 came from the EU?


  76%
• Which country had the largest majority of migrants to the UK in 2004?


  Poland
• What were the two main pull reasons for immigration to the UK in 2013?


  Study and work-related reasons
• What percentage of immigrants are asylum seekers fleeing persecution?

  Approximately 5%
• What are some reasons for emigration from the UK?

  Better career opportunities, increased wages, and better lifestyle
• How has globalization affected migration patterns?


  • Increased interconnectedness of societies
  • More people moving and living in different countries
  • Living globally is more accessible due to lower travel costs
• What demographic changes have occurred due to immigration?

  Increased immigration and diversity in the population
• What was the net migration figure in 2014?


  254,000 people
• What is the significance of the year 2004 in relation to migration?


  It marked a significant increase in immigration due to new EU member states.
• What is the impact of immigration on family structures?

  It can lead to enforced separation and changes in child-rearing patterns.
• What is the estimated number of children growing up separated from one parent due to immigration?

  Approximately 800,000 children
• What are the effects of migration on the UK population structure?

  • Increased diversity
  • Changes in family dynamics
  • Potential increase in the working-age population
• What is net migration?

  Net migration is the difference between the number of immigrants and emigrants.
• What was the immigration trend from 1990 to 2000?


  There was widespread immigration from former colonies.
• What is the role of the British Government in immigration during the 1980s and 1990s?


  The government actively recruited immigrants to fill labor shortages.
• What is the estimated number of immigrants from Commonwealth countries in 2013?


  80% of immigrants came from Commonwealth countries.
• What are the economic contributions of immigrants in the UK?

  Immigrants contribute significantly to the economy, including working in critical areas like the NHS.
• What restrictions exist for bringing non-EU partners into the UK?

  There is a minimum income requirement of £18,400.
• What are the social effects of migration on families in the UK?

  • Enforced separation from family members
  • Changes in child-rearing patterns
  • Increased diversity in family structures
• How might migration patterns change family size in the future?

  Changes in migration patterns may lead to smaller family sizes due to economic factors.
• What is the impact of immigrant women on family demographics?

  Immigrant women are more likely to have children, which may increase family size.
• What is the predicted impact of immigration on the dependency ratio in the UK?

  Immigrants tend to be of working age, which may reduce the dependency ratio.
• What are the key reasons for changes in family size over the last 50 years?


  • Economic factors
  • Cultural shifts
  • Changes in immigration patterns
• What is the significance of the year 2013 in relation to immigration trends?


  In 2013, 80% of immigrants came from specific groups for work or education.
• What is the role of technology in migration patterns?

  Technology facilitates communication and support for migrant families.
• How does migration affect the cultural landscape of the UK?

  Migration contributes to a multicultural society in the UK.
• What is the impact of globalization on migration?

  Globalization has increased the movement of people across borders.
• What is the estimated number of immigrants from the Commonwealth in 2013?


  80% of immigrants were from Commonwealth countries.
• What are the implications of enforced separation on families due to migration?

  Enforced separation can lead to emotional distress and changes in family dynamics.
• How does the age of immigrants affect the UK population?

  Immigrants tend to be of working age, which can lower the average age of the population.
• What is the relationship between migration and economic contributions in the UK?

  Immigrants contribute significantly to the economy, especially in critical sectors.
• What are the potential future trends in family size due to migration?

  Family sizes may decrease due to economic pressures and cultural shifts.