2024 short Q

• What is deamination in relation to protein?

  It is the process of removing the amino group from amino acids
• Name two biological functions of Vitamin A.

  Vision and immune function
• Identify two dietary sources of Vitamin A.

  Carrots and liver
• What are the two forms of iron mentioned in the study material?

  Haem iron and non-haem iron
• What is haem iron and give one food source of it?

  Haem iron is a type of iron found in animal products; a food source is red meat
• What is non-haem iron and give one food source of it?

  Non-haem iron is found in plant-based foods; a food source is lentils
• What are two meal planning guidelines for a person with osteoporosis?

  Include calcium-rich foods and ensure adequate vitamin D intake
• What is the role of rennet in cheese production?

  Rennet helps coagulate milk to form curds
• What is the role of lactic acid bacteria in cheese production?

  Lactic acid bacteria ferment lactose into lactic acid, aiding in curd formation
• Name two contaminants that can enter the food chain.

  Pesticides and heavy metals
• What is one possible source of pesticides as a contaminant?

  Agricultural runoff
• What is one possible effect of pesticides on the body?

  They can cause neurological disorders
• What is one possible source of heavy metals as a contaminant?

  Industrial waste
• What is one possible effect of heavy metals on the body?

  They can lead to kidney damage
• Differentiate between infectious food poisoning and toxic food poisoning.

  Infectious food poisoning is caused by pathogens, while toxic food poisoning is caused by toxins
• What is one underlying principle of jam making?

  High sugar concentration helps preserve the jam
• Explain social insurance payments.

  Social insurance payments are benefits provided based on contributions made by individuals
• Explain social assistance payments.

  Social assistance payments are benefits provided to individuals based on need, regardless of contributions
• Name one voluntary consumer protection agency.

  Consumer Association of Ireland
• What is the role of the Consumer Association of Ireland?

  To promote and protect the interests of consumers
• What is the function of the condenser in a refrigerator?

  The condenser dissipates heat from the refrigerant
• What is the function of the evaporator in a refrigerator?

  The evaporator absorbs heat from the inside of the refrigerator
• Name two features of the current Irish National Housing Policy (Housing for All).

  Increased housing supply and affordability measures
• Describe two ways consumers can be more environmentally conscious when choosing electrical goods.

  Choose energy-efficient appliances and look for eco-labels
• What is one way to choose energy-efficient appliances?

  Look for the Energy Star label
• What is one way to look for eco-labels on electrical goods?

  Check for certifications like EU Ecolabel