Structure of DNA

• Where is DNA found in a cell?

  In the nucleus
• What is the primary function of DNA?

  It codes for proteins that are made at the ribosomes
• Why can't DNA exit the nucleus?

  Because DNA is too big to get out of the nucleus
• What carries the message from DNA to the ribosomes?

  An RNA copy
• What are DNA and RNA classified as?

  A polymer of nucleotides
• What are the components of a nucleotide?

  • Phosphate group
  • Pentose sugar
  • Base
• What type of sugar is found in DNA?

  Deoxyribose
• What type of sugar is found in RNA?

  Ribose
• What type of bonds link nucleotides in DNA and RNA?

  Phosphodiester bonds
• What are the main structural differences between RNA and DNA?

  RNA:

  • Single stranded
  • Short

  
  

  DNA:

  • Double helix
  • Antiparallel
  • Long
• What type of bonds are present in DNA?

  Hydrogen bonds (weak)
• What is the structure of DNA?

  Double helix
• What are the nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA?

  DNA:

  • A (adenine)
  • T (thymine)
  • C (cytosine)
  • G (guanine)

  
  

  RNA:

  • A (adenine)
  • U (uracil)
  • C (cytosine)
  • G (guanine)
• What base is found in RNA but not in DNA?

  Uracil
• What base pairs with adenine in DNA?

  Thymine
• What base pairs with cytosine in DNA?

  Guanine
• What base pairs with adenine in RNA?

  Uracil
• What base pairs with guanine in RNA?

  Cytosine