Nucleophilic substitution

• Define a halogenoalkane

  Compounds where one or more H atoms in an alkane have been replaced by halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine)
• Define nucleo

  Nucleus, centre of positive charge
• Define philic

  Attraction
• Define substitution

  Direct replacement of an atom with another atom
• What bond do halogenoalkanes contain>

  Polar bonds
• What are the three types of nucleophilic substitution?

  -Reaction with OH-

  -Reaction with CN-

  -Reaction with NH3
• What type of haloalkane is most likely to take part in nucleophilic substitution?

  Primary haloalkane
• Explain nucleophilic substitution

  -The haloalkane has a polar bond

  -The lone pair on the nucleophile moves toward the delta positive carbon, shown by a curly arrow

  -The nucleophile is now bonded to the carbon and so has 5 bonds

  -The C-X bond breaks so C has 4 bonds. The X takes the electrons in the bond