Religion

• Which parish tried to rebel against Laud’s policies in 1633?

  Parish of St Gregory’s
• What was the main action taken by Puritans against Laud’s policy of railing off the altar?


  They tried to use the courts to oppose it
• What trial is associated with Puritan non-conformity in 1637?

  The trial of Burton, Baswick, and Prynne
• Who were Burton, Baswick, and Prynne?

  Burton was a minister, Baswick was a doctor, and Prynne was a lawyer
• What did Burton do that led to his identification as a non-conformist?

  His sermons deviated from the Catechism
• What did Baswick do to oppose the bishops?

  He wrote pamphlets attacking bishops
• What was Prynne's notable work and its focus?

  He wrote 'Histromastix', a 1000-page attack on theatre and actresses
• What did John Lilburne do in 1638 and what was his punishment?


  He distributed anti-Laudian pamphlets and was whipped through the streets of London
• How many Puritans emigrated to the Americas in the 1630s?

  80,000
• How many Puritans settled in Massachusetts?

  20,000
• What did Millernarians believe?

  They believed Jesus would soon return to Earth and reign for 1000 years
• Who were the Fifth Monarchists?

  Radical Millernarians who formed a political grouping under General Thomas Harrison by 1650
• Who were the Muggletonians?

  Followers of Ladowicke Muggleton and John Reeve
• What did the Muggletonians claim about the end of the world?

  They claimed it was imminent upon Charles’ execution
• What was the belief of Baptists regarding baptism?

  They believed people could only be baptized as adults as they had to understand their beliefs
• What did the Toleration Act mean for non-conformist groups?

  It ended compulsory attendance to the national Presbyterian Church as long as they took part in a religious service once a week
• What were members of dissenting groups still expected to pay to the Presbyterian Church?

  Tithes, which is 10% of their earnings
• What did the Blasphemy Act of 1650 entail?


  It could subject radical sects to severe penalties
• What was enforced by the act regarding the Sabbath (Sunday)?


  An act was passed enforcing the observance of the Sabbath as a holy day
• Who were the Ranters and when did they appear?

  They appeared in London in 1650 and rejected all forms of organized religion and the concept of sin
• What did the Ranters argue about those predestined to be saved by God?

  They argued that they were incapable of sin and could ignore man-made codes or social morality
• Who were the leaders of the Ranters that faced punishment?

  Abiezer Coppe and Joseph Salmon
• What punishment did Jacob Bauthumely receive for writing a blasphemous book?

  He had a hole bored through his tongue
• What did Quakers believe about God?

  They believed that God was inside everyone and that they had a direct experience with God
• What did James Nayler do in 1656?

  He rode a donkey through Bristol with female Quakers, reenacting Jesus’ entry into Jerusalem
• What was the punishment of James Nayler?

  He was publicly flogged, bored through the tongue, and imprisoned
• How many Quakers were there by the 1650s?

  50,000
• Who was the leader of the Quakers?

  General Lambert
• What was the Quaker scare of 1659 about?

  It was the belief that there was a possibility of a Quaker military dictatorship under General Lambert
• What did the Quaker Act of 1662 entail?


  Quakers could be arrested and forced to take the oath of allegiance, which was against their religion
• How many Quakers died in confinement between 1661-64?

  400
• What punishment did George Fox receive?

  He was imprisoned in Scarborough Castle in 1664, kept in chains in a single chamber
• When was the Quaker movement on the verge of collapse?

  1666
• What were examples of harsh persecution from 1683-86?

  Dissenting groups ceased meeting in Devon, held meetings at night in West Yorkshire, and Quakers reduced to remote meetings in Bristol
• How did James promote religious tolerance?

  He issued the First Declaration of Indulgence in 1687, freeing Catholic and Protestant non-conformists
• Why did some dissenters not trust James?

  They believed his real intention was to favor Catholics
• What was the punishment for refusing the Oath of Allegiance?


  Arrested and often imprisoned
• What were the effects of the Act of Uniformity?

  Of 1,800 ministers ejected, 1,000 left the Church in the summer of 1662
• What occurred as a result of the first conventicle act’s expiration in 1667?

  A flurry of activity from dissenters, including the founding of a Presbyterian academy and the building of meeting houses
• What did the Declaration of Indulgence allow?

  It suspended the laws which persecuted dissenters and proposed freedom to not attend church