motion

• scaler


  a quantity that has only magnitude
• vector 


  a quantity that has magnitude and direction
• change in velocity 


  final velocity-initial velocity

  Δv=V2-V1 or V2+(-v1)
• distance 


  how far a body travels during its entire journey
• displacement 


  change in position of an object in a given direction
• to calculate displacement 


  final position-initial position
• speed


  the rate at which a distance is traveled, can’t be 0
• velocity 


  the rate at which displacement changes, can be 0
• average speed 


  total distance/time
• average velocity 


  displacement/time
• kmh^-1 to ms^-1


  divide by 3.6
• change in speed


  ΔV=v-u
• change in velocity 


  Δv=v-u
• average acceleration 


  Δv/Δt
• finding velocity from a graph 


  finding the gradient
• finding displacement from a graph 


  finding the area
• finding acceleration from a graph 


  finding the gradient
• finding distance travelled from a graph

  finding the area of the graph even if it’s underneath the x axis
• force


  a push or pull
• inertia 


  the resistance to a change in motion of an object
• momentum 


  mass x velocity
• force- the rate of change in momentum

  change in p/ change in time
• conservation of momentum-elastic collision

  m1u1+m2u2=m1v1+m2v2
• inelastic collisions-they stick together 


  m1u1+m2u2=m3V3
• explosive collision 


  m1u1=m2u2+m3v3
• when doing momentum calculations, ALWAYS remember sign conventions!!!!
• energy


  the capacity to cause change
• work 


  causes a change in energy and is measured in joules
• to calculate work 


  work=force x distance
• impulse


  the amount of change in an objects momentum
• momentum is measured in kgms^1