Chem-chapter three

    Cards (19)

    • What is the formula to calculate the number of moles of a gas at RTP?

      n = v/24
    • What is the volume of 1 mole of gas at RTP?
      24 dm³
    • What does it mean when gases at the same temperature and pressure have the same volume?
      They contain the same number of particles
    • What is a standard solution?
      A solution of a known concentration
    • How many cm³ are in 1 dm³?
      1000 cm³
    • What is the relationship between moles, concentration, and volume?
      N = C × V
    • What is a limiting reagent?
      A reactant that is not in excess
    • What does balancing numbers in a chemical equation create?
      A ratio called the stoichiometry of a reaction
    • What is the ideal gas equation?
      PV = nRT
    • What does 1 Pa (Pascal) equal in terms of pressure?
      1 N/m²
    • What are hydrated salts and their characteristics?
      • Salts that contain water of crystallization
      • Example: CuSO₄ • 5H₂O → CuSO₄ + 5H₂O
      • Hydrated copper sulfate is blue
      • Anhydrous copper sulfate is white
    • What are the assumptions made when dehydrating salts?
      All the water has been lost and no further decomposition occurs
    • What is atom economy?
      Sum of molar masses of desired products / sum of Mr of all products
    • How is percentage yield calculated?
      Percentage yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) × 100%
    • What is the difference between empirical and molecular formulas?
      • Empirical formula: Simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a molecule
      • Molecular formula: Actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule
    • What is Avogadro's constant?
      1. 02 × 10²³ particles per mole of C-12
    • How do you convert mass to moles?
      moles = mass / molar mass
    • How do you determine the molecular formula from mass compositions?
      1. Use mass compositions to find moles
      2. Divide by the smallest number of moles to get the molecular formula
    • How do you find the empirical formula from the masses of elements that react?
      Find moles and divide by the smallest number of moles
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