btec sport

• Can you give an example of a skill that requires learning?

  Riding a bike
• How is learning defined?

  Learning is a more or less permanent change in performance associated with experiences.
• What does the process of learning involve according to the study material?

  It involves a transition from not being able to perform a skill to being able to perform it.
• Why is learning considered to be invisible?

  Because the internal processes occurring in the brain and body are not directly observable.
• What can be observed to infer whether learning has occurred?


  Performance can be observed to infer learning.
• What is the relationship between performance and learning?

  Performance is visible and can indicate whether learning has occurred, but they are not the same thing.
• How can we measure learning according to the study material?

  By observing changes in performance over time.
• What might indicate that someone has learned a skill, such as a free throw?

  Being able to perform the skill successfully after a period of practice.
• How might performance in a competitive setting indicate learning?

  If a person can beat an opponent they previously lost to, it may indicate learning has occurred.
• Why is it beneficial to have multiple demonstrations of a skill?

  Multiple demonstrations can provide more confidence that learning has occurred and reduce the chance of a fluke performance.
• How does the study material differentiate between learning and performance?

  Learning is an internal process that is invisible, while performance is an observable action that can indicate learning.
• What are the key components of the learning process as described in the study material?

  • Learning is a permanent change in performance.
  • It is associated with experiences.
  • It involves a transition from inability to ability.
  • It is inferred through observable performance.
• What factors can help infer learning in skill acquisition?

  • Observing performance improvements over time.
  • Conducting exams and tests for academic learning.
  • Competing against previous opponents.
  • Multiple demonstrations of the learned skill.
• Skill - The quality of a particular action
• Skilled Movement - One in which a predetermined objective is accomplished with maximum efficiency and a minimum outlay of energy
• Continuum - An imaginary line between two extremes which shows a gradual increase/decrease in the number of characters
• Open skill examples

  Football, boxing, tennis
• Closed skill example

  Gymnastics
• Gross skill example

  A layup in basketball
• Fine skill example

  Throwing a dart
• Continuity Continuum - Based on the relationship between subroutines and identification of the beginning and end of the movement
• Discrete example

  Cricket shot
• Serial example

  Triple jump
• Continuous Examples

  Swimming, cycling, running
• Pacing of skill continuum - Based on the amount of control the performer has over the execution and timing of the movement
• Self paced examples

  Long jump, snooker
• Externally paced examples

  Hockey, rugby, sprinter
• Nature level of skill


  Some performers may be able to perform a skill immediately and consistently without previously attempting it
• Nature vs Nurture


  All skills can be learnt and this is considered nurture
• Genetic/innate


  Our abilities are inherited from our parents
• Enduring


  They remain relatively stable over time, but some development can occur due to training and exercise.
• Ability underpins skill


  Various abilities combine, which allow movement to occur
• Psychomotor abilities


  Reaction time, coordination, balance
• Gross motor abilities


  Strength, speed, flexibility
• Perceptual abilities


  Decision making, interpreting information
• Psychomotor abilities


  Psychomotor ability refers to a wide range of actions involving physical movement related to conscious cognitive processing
• Gross motor abilities


  Refer to the use and movement of large muscle groups
• Perceptual abilities


  The ability to be able to deal with and give meaning to sensory stimuli