Cells

• What are the characteristics of bacteria?

  Bacteria are prokaryotic cells with no mitochondria and a cell wall
• What is the structure of a virus?

  A virus has genetic material wrapped in a protein structure called a capsid
• What is the role of fungi in disease?

  Fungi release enzymes and digest material around them for nutrients
• What is a cell membrane?


  A cell membrane controls what substances go in and out of the cell
• What is a cell wall?


  A structure around the cell which strengthens it
• What is a chloroplast?


  A cell organelle that contains chlorophyll and allows photosynthesis to take place
• What are chromosomes?


  Structures that carry genetic information
• What is cytoplasm?


  A jelly-like substance where chemical reactions occur
• What is DNA?


  Genetic material that contains characteristics
• What are eukaryotic cells?

  Cells that contain a nucleus
• What are prokaryotic cells?


  Cells that do not contain a nucleus
• What is magnification?


  The enlargement of a cell to see its structure
• What is resolution in microscopy?

  The ability to distinguish two close objects as separate
• What is the function of mitochondria?

  Where respiration occurs in a cell to produce energy
• What are ribosomes?


  Where protein synthesis occurs in a cell
• What is the nucleus?


  Where the genetic DNA is stored and controls the activity of the cell
• What is a plasmid?


  Singular loops of DNA floating in a bacterial cell
• What is a permanent vacuole?

  A structure that contains sap in a plant cell
• What are the functions of chloroplasts?

  Contains chlorophyll and absorbs light for photosynthesis
• What are two adaptations of a nerve cell?

  Has branched endings and a myelin sheath that insulates the axon
• What is an adaptation of a sperm cell?

  It has a tail and many mitochondria
• What are two adaptations of a palisade cell?

  Lots of chloroplasts and located at the top surface of the leaf
• What are two adaptations of a root cell?

  Lots of mitochondria and large projections to increase surface area