HUMAN KARYOGRAM

• What is the distinct number of chromosomes found in all body cells of an organism?

  Each organism has a distinct number of chromosomes found in all of its body cells.
• What are the two types of chromosome numbers based on the type of cell?

  The two types of chromosome numbers are diploid and haploid.
• What does the diploid number (2n) refer to?

  The diploid number (2n) refers to two sets of chromosomes.
• What does the haploid number (n) mean?

  The haploid number (n) means a single set of chromosomes.
• What is the chromosome number in humans?

  The chromosome number in humans is 46.
• How many chromosomes does a human zygote have, and what is its classification?

  A human zygote has 46 chromosomes and is considered diploid (2n).
• How many chromosomes do human gametes (sperm or egg cells) have?

  Human gametes have 23 chromosomes and are considered haploid (n).
• What process produces sex cells in humans?

  Sex cells are produced through the process of meiosis.
• What is the result of meiosis?

  Meiosis results in haploid cells containing a single set of chromosomes.
• What happens during fertilization in humans?

  During fertilization, human gametes unite to form a diploid zygote with two sets of chromosomes.
• Why is the haploid number of chromosomes important during fertilization?

  The haploid number ensures that when gametes unite, the resulting cell has 46 chromosomes.
• What would happen if two gametes each had 46 chromosomes?

  The resulting cell would have 92 chromosomes.
• How does the haploid number contribute to genetic variation?

  The haploid number guarantees that an offspring will get an equal number of traits from its parents, ensuring genetic variation.
• How does the existence of haploid and diploid cells benefit organisms?

  The existence of haploid and diploid cells can prolong the survival of organisms.
• What is the diploid generation in plants called?

  The diploid generation in plants is called the sporophyte generation.
• What is the haploid generation in plants called?

  The haploid generation in plants is called the gametophyte stage.
• How does the number of chromosomes vary among organisms?

  The number of chromosomes varies among organisms, but there is no correlation between the number of chromosomes and the physical complexity of an organism.
• How do goldfish and crayfish compare to humans in terms of chromosome number?

  Goldfish have 94 chromosomes, crayfish have 200 chromosomes, while humans have 46 chromosomes.
• What determines the degree of similarity or relatedness among organisms?

  The degree of similarity or relatedness of organisms depends on the similarity of their DNA sequences.
• What is the percentage of DNA sequence similarity between humans and chimpanzees?

  The DNA sequence similarity between humans and chimpanzees is 95%-96%.
• What accounts for the uniqueness of humans compared to chimpanzees?

  The remaining genes that are not similar account for what makes humans unique.