Gases

• Respiration - the overall exchange of gases.
• Breathing or Ventilation - the act of taking air(inspiration) and out of the lungs(expiration)
• External respiration - the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air and the blood within the lungs.
• Internal Respiration - The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and the body cells.
• Cellular respiration - the process of using oxygen to break down sugar in food, producing energy in cells, and releasing carbon dioxide as a waste product.
• Three Stages of Gas Exchange

  • Breathing
  • Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood.
  • exchange of gases with body cells
• • FOUR TYPES OF GAS EXCHANGE SYSTEMS IN ANIMALS:
  • Integumentary Exchange or Cutaneous Respiration - occurs through the skin.
  • Gills - Allow for the exchange of gases underwater by extracting dissolved oxygen in the water and releasing carbon dioxide.
  • Tracheal System - Air enters through external openings called spiracles into a network of the tracheal tube where gas exchange take place.
  • Lungs - Found in land animals, where gas exchange occurs.