Consolidation of power

• when was Henry Tudor alive

  28th Jan 1457 - 21st Apr 1509
• Henry VII's reign


  22nd Aug 1485 - 21st Apr 1509
• what was his claim to the throne

  through mother, Margaret Beaufort who was daughter of John of Gaunt and his 3rd wife. Gaunt was illegitimate son of Ed III
• who was John of Gaunt in relation to Lancaster

  Duke of Lancaster (founder of the Royal House of Lancaster)
• why did Henry have to flee to France when he was 14


  Ed IV regained power at Tewkesbury

  then Henry VI and his only son died, Henry Tudor was main claimant to throne (so in danger)
• uncle


  Jasper Tudor
• what was Jasper's relation to Henry VI

  half-bros
• what did Henry VI make Jasper

  Earl of Pembroke
• what did Henry VI make Edmund Tudor (Henry Tudor's father)

  Earl of Richmond
• when was the Battle of Bosworth

  22nd Aug 1485
• when was the Buckingham rebellion


  Oct 1483
• who is the Duke of Buckingham

  Henry Stafford
• Buckingham rebellion


  Rich seizes crown, rebellion, H7 sails to England, Stafford executed, H7 returns to exile
• Dec 25th 1483


  Henry promises to marry Elizabeth of York
• who is Elizabeth of York in relation to royalty

  Ed IV's daughter
• Henry's troops


  5000
• Richard's troops


  15,000
• how many troops did William Stanley send on in battle

  3000
• who was Henry proclaimed King by

  Lord Thomas Stanley (step-father)
• what title did Thomas Stanley gain after Bosworth

  Earl of Derby
• 5 things to consolidate power

  back-date reign

  summon parliament

  handle nobility

  battle of Bosworth

  marriage
• back-dated reign


  to 21st Aug, anyone fought against him at Bos called traitor
• coronation date


  30th Oct 1485
• what did the Coronation signifiy

  support of church

  support of God

  nobles had to swear oath

  took place before parliament (proves right to rule based on hereditary right not bcos parliament sanctioned it)
• when was parliament summoned

  7th Nov
• what did summoning of parliament mean

  traditional act of new king (reinforced authority)

  after coronation

  parliamentary acts of attainder (increased crown income)

  granted tonnage and poundage for life
• tonnage and poundage

  right to raise revenue from imports and exports
• handling nobility


  publicly rewarded loyal supporters, conferred 11 knighthoods

  Acts of Attainder, punished 28 of Rich's supporters (7th Nov)

  imprisoned rival claimants (Ed E of Warwick - Ed IV's nephew)
• what title did John de Vere gain

  Earl of Oxford
• what was John Morton made

  Lord Chancellor
• what was Sir William Stanley made

  Lord Chamberlain
• who was made chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster


  Sir Reginald Bray
• examples of attainted


  Francis Lovell

  Henry Percy (later forgiven)
• how many acts of attainder passed in total

  138
• what did the Battle of Bosworth signifiy


  he was King by right of conquest

  God allowed him to win

  divine right of kings

  proved to be a noble and skilled soldier (+ could lead an army)
• marriage to Elizabeth of York

  18th Jan 1486
• what did the marriage mean

  united Lancaster and York

  took place 2 mo after coronation (can't say it was through wife's claim)

  prevented others from marrying Liz to claim throne

  provided heir
• Prince Arthur born


  Sep 1486 (exactly 9 mo since wedding)
• when was the royal progress to the North

  April 1486
• what did the progress show

  royal power + presence to his subjects