Society

Cards (37)

  • what system did society follow
    feudal
  • feudal system
    monarch at top
    then landowners and clergy
    then labourers
  • which groups grew during the 15th century

    professional and mercantile
  • what places experienced increasing importance
    London
    provincial cities (Norwich, Bristol)
  • what increased social mobility
    the black death
  • when was the black death
    1348-49
  • when were outbreaks of the black death frequent until

    1378
  • what did later outbreaks of the black death do to the population
    reduced to a half
  • when did things start to recover
    1450s
  • where did peers hold positions

    house of lords
  • types of peer
    duke
    marquis
    earl
    viscount
    baron
  • how many men in peerage
    50-60
  • name 2 peers Henry VII trusted

    Earl of Oxford
    Lord Daubeney
  • what did Oxford do to gain Henry's trust

    led troops at Bosworth and Stoke
  • how did Daubeney gain the king's favour

    rebelled against Rich 1483
    fled to Brittany
    fought at BoB
    led forces in Cornish rebellion
  • what position did Daubeney acquire

    Lord Chamberlain 1495 (after Will Stanley betrayed)
  • what was bastard feudalism
    retaining
  • retaining
    wealthy magnates recruiting knights as administrators or accountants or soldiers
  • why was bastard feudalism a problem

    could bring an unlawful influence on others in a court case or use them against the crown
  • why was retaining important

    used to maintain the crown's security
  • when were acts passed to limit retaining
    1487 + 1504
  • example of retaining fine
    Lord Bergavenny, 1507
    fined £100,000 (probably only paid £1000)
  • recognisance and retaining example

    E. of Devon, gave recognisance to not retain illegally, broke it 1506, forced to pay
  • what did the 1504 Retaining Act do

    King could grant licences to retain or else £5 per month per retainer
  • 1486 retaining act
    Peers and MPs had to take oath not to retain illegally (though what was meant by illegal was conveniently undefined)
  • how many knights were there in 1490
    500
  • peers and knights together owned what percent of land

    15-20%
  • what did the greater gentry have

    knighthood
  • example of important gentry member
    Sir Reginald Bray
  • where were bishops and abbots entitled to sit

    house of lords
  • which bishopric did Richard Fox receive in 1487
    Exeter (+ lord Keeper of the Great Seal)
  • who were the middling sort
    top commoners, rich craftsmen and merchants
  • who were the middling sort in the countryside
    yeomen
  • what allowed for the emergence of the yeomen as landowning farmers

    black death, decrease in pop. reduced demand for land, cheaper land
  • what position were husbandmen in society

    below Yeomen
  • what was the peasantry made up of

    yeomen and husbandmen
  • who had an insecure position in society
    labourers who depended on sale of their labour for income