Economic developments

Cards (72)

  • population in 1400
    2.2mil
  • what percent lived in urban areas

    10%
  • what percent lived off the land

    90%
  • population of London
    50,000
  • how many provincial towns had 3000
    no more than 20
  • name a provincial town with more than 10,000
    Norwich
  • name other towns with 8-10,000
    Bristol, York, Coventry
  • what dominated economy in urban areas

    cloth and wool trade
  • when was there recovery in the economy and why

    80s and 90s, move towards sheep farming
  • why was there a move to sheep farming
    pop. increased, increased demand for wool
    overseas cloth trade developed
    decreased profitability of arable farming
  • where did mixed farming predominate
    lowlands
  • where was pastoral farming
    in woodland areas
  • what was the traditional manorial system called

    open-field husbandry
  • what was open-field husbandry
    strips of land in a landed estate of open fields given to peasants to keep animals or grow grain
  • where was open-field husbandry mainly

    grain growing areas of South-east and midlands
  • what was open-field husbandry threatened by

    enclosure
  • what percent of the value of exports was cloth trade
    90%
  • what did the volume of cloth exports increase by over his reign

    60%
  • what dominated trade in the early part of the reign
    raw wool
  • where was raw wool exported from and by whom

    east-coast ports, Boston, Lynn, Yarmouth by Merchants of the Staple
  • how did the trade of finished cloth benefit rural communities
    developed domestic processes such as weaving, fulling, dyeing that supplemented agrarian incomes
  • name important manufacturing centres

    East Anglia, West Riding of Yorkshire, parts of West Country
  • name cloths towns that were prosperous
    Lavenham and Lewes in Suffolk
  • where was the majority of finished cloth export through and by whom
    London, Merchant Adventurers
  • where would the finished cloth go to (trading)
    Calais, then Antwerp then Europe
  • when were the merchant adventurers founded

    1407
  • what did the Merchant Adventurers' dominance match

    that of the dominance of the Merchants of the Calais Staple over wool trade
  • why did the Merchant Adventurers have a good relationship with the crown

    acted as a voice for the industry
    provided expertise on negotiating trade treaties (intercursus Magnus and Malus)
  • who enjoyed more trading privileges than the Merchant Adventurers?

    the Hanseatic League
  • when were treaties signed reasserting Hanseatic League dominance

    1474 + 1504
  • why did Henry reassert the Hanseatic league's dominance over trade

    needed to ensure they wouldn't offer support to E of Suffolk (Yorkist Claimant)
  • what was the sacrifice for English merchants
    1504 treaty with the Hanseatic League
  • what was England dependent for trade on

    cloth
  • why were other industries small
    required little capital investment (weaving and brewing) couldn't compete with continental competitors
  • what was Germany's main industry

    metallurgy
  • what were Spain, Portugal and the Netherlands involved in

    ship-building
  • where was tin mined
    Cornwall
  • where was coal mined

    Durham and Northumberland
  • when was the earliest blast furnace
    1496
  • where was coal shipped from and to and why

    Newcastle to London to meet up with their growing demand for domestic and industrial fuel