1.5

• Who was one of the 12 leaders of the CCP and a young bookseller?

  Mao Zedong
• Who was elected as the first leader of the CCP?

  Chen Duxiu
• What movement was Chen Duxiu a key member of?

  The May 4th movement
• How many members did the CCP initially have?

  50 members
• Where was the CCP founded?

  In a girl's school in Shanghai
• When was the CCP founded?

  June 1921
• What event influenced the emergence of the CCP?

  The successful Bolshevik revolution in Russia in October 1917
• What did the speech mentioned in the study material launch?

  What became known as the Northern Expedition
• In what year did CKS call on the GMD and CCP to join a battle?

  1926
• What was the purpose of the battle called by CKS in 1926?

  To destroy the warlords and remove foreign influence
• What incident occurred on May 30th, 1925, that enraged the Chinese?

  A British commander shot into a crowd of Chinese protestors and killed 12 people
• What was the result of the GMD and CCP forming a united front?

  To defeat the warlords
• How did the CCP respond to the influence of Soviet Union advisers?

  The CCP couldn't ignore Russia's wishes
• How much funding did the Soviet Union provide to the CCP annually?

  $5000 a year
• What was the outcome of the united front's actions during the northern expedition?

  The united front defeated the warlords.
• What did Chiang Kai-shek do to the warlords during the northern expedition?

  Chiang made deals with the warlords if they submitted to the control of the GMD.
• When was the GMD government established in Nanjing?

  The GMD government was established in Nanjing in 1928.
• What was a significant weakness of the warlords during the northern expedition?

  There was little resistance from the warlords as their armies had little enthusiasm.
• How did the size of the NRA change during the northern expedition?

  The NRA quadrupled in size as many soldiers defected from the warlords' armies.
• What tactics did the united front use against the warlords?

  • Surrounded each warlord's army one by one
  • Cut off supply lines
• Why were peasants supportive of the NRA during the northern expedition?

  Peasants welcomed the NRA because they believed they would be treated better by the GMD than by the corrupt warlords.
• Who provided military assistance to the NRA?

  The Soviet military advisor, Galen, provided assistance to the NRA.
• How did the Soviet military advisor impact the NRA?

  The NRA became an effective fighting force because of the Soviet military advisor, Galen.
• Where did the largest group of communists flee to during the massacre?

  The mountains in the province of Jiangxi
• How many members were in the largest group by 1930?

  11,000 members
• Why did many communists escape the massacre?

  To avoid persecution and violence from the GMD
• What did Mao set up in Jiangxi?


  The Jiangxi Soviet
• What was established alongside the Jiangxi Soviet?

  A new communist army
• What action did Chiang take against the CCP in April 1927?

  He turned on his former allies and directed a purge of communists
• What city was significantly affected by the Shanghai Massacre?

  Shanghai
• What was the outcome of the GMD's actions in Shanghai?

  Many communists were executed
• What was the term used to describe the GMD's violent actions against the CCP?

  The 'White Terror'
• How did the GMD's purge affect the CCP's presence in China?

  It forced the CCP into hiding or rural areas
• Who were the key figures that managed to escape capture during the purges?

  Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai
• What contributed to the collapse of the Wuhan government?

  It was aided by thugs and warlord militias
• On what date did GMD forces attack and execute CCP members?

  April 12th
• What was the response of GMD forces to protests during the purges?

  They fired on those who protested
• What was the scale of the GMD's purging actions over the next month?

  They purged communists wherever they held power in China
• How many people were killed in Hunan due to the GMD's actions?

  250,000+
• How many people were killed in Shanghai alone during the purges?

  5,000