5.1

• When did Mao announce that the Cultural Revolution was over?

  1969
• What was the political situation for Mao after the Cultural Revolution?

  Mao was in a strong position with most moderates expelled and his supporters in control.
• What were the three main power groupings under Mao after the Cultural Revolution?

  • Lin Biao and the PLA
  • Zhou Enlai and the government
  • Jiang Qing and the Gang of Four
• Who was named as second-in-command in 1969?

  Lin Biao
• What led to Lin Biao's doubts about Mao?

  Lin Biao began to doubt Mao while Mao feared Lin might try to oust him.
• What was the code name of Lin Biao's plan to overthrow Mao?

  Project 571
• What happened to Lin Biao in 1971?

  Lin Biao's plot was discovered, and he tried to escape but his plane crashed.
• What were the two political groupings fighting for control after Lin Biao's death?

  • The Left: Led by Jiang Qing and the Gang of Four
  • The Right: Led by Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping
• Who led the Left political grouping?

  Jiang Qing and the Gang of Four
• What was the main goal of the Left political grouping?

  To continue the power struggle between social classes.
• Who led the Right political grouping?

  Zhou Enlai and Deng Xiaoping
• What did the Right political grouping want?

  They wanted an end to political arguments and struggles, and aimed for reform and modernization.
• When did Zhou Enlai die?

  January 1976
• What was the public reaction to Zhou Enlai's death?

  Thousands attended his funeral to criticize Jiang Qing and Mao.
• What happened on April 5, 1976, in response to Zhou Enlai's death?

  10,000 people rioted to show support for Zhou and Deng, leading to over 200 arrests.
• Who did Jiang Qing and the Left blame for the riots following Zhou's death?

  They blamed Deng Xiaoping.
• Who was promoted to the role of Premier after Zhou Enlai?

  Hua Guofeng
• Why was Hua Guofeng's promotion significant for the Gang of Four?

  Hua had more support than the Gang of Four and became a rival for power.
• When did Mao die?

  September 1976
• What happened to the Gang of Four after Mao's death?

  They were tricked by the Politburo and arrested before they could seize power.
• How were the Gang of Four arrested?

  They were invited to a Politburo meeting and arrested upon arrival.
• When were the Gang of Four put on trial?

  Winter of 1980-81
• What were the charges against the Gang of Four during their trial?

  • Planning to overthrow the communist state
  • Trying to use the Red Guard to remove Deng Xiaoping and Liu Shaoqi in 1966
  • Punishing and torturing opponents
• What was notable about Jiang Qing's behavior during the trial?

  She accused the judges of being revisionist spies.
• What was the outcome of the trial for Jiang Qing and Zhang?

  They were given death sentences, later reduced to life imprisonment.